musa’s real character. 
613 
Dr. Livingstone to Lord Clarendon. 
ITjtji, Nov. 1 , 1871 . 
My Lord: — I became aware of Mr. Young’s search ex- 
pedition only in February last, and that by a private letter 
from Sir Roderick Murchison. Though late in expressing 
my thankfulness, 1 am not the less sincere in saying that I 
feel extremely obliged to Her Majesty’s Government, to 
the Admiralty, to Captain Richards, to Sir Roderick Mur- 
chison, to Mr. Young, and all concerned in promoting the 
kind and vigorous inquiry after my fate. Had the low tone 
of morality among the East African Mohammedans been 
known, Musa’s tale would have received but little atten- 
tion. Musa is, perhaps, a little better than the average 
low-class Moslem, but all are notorious for falsehood and 
heartlessness. 
When on the Shire we were in the habit of swinging the 
vessel out into midstream every evening, in order that the 
air set in motion by the current of the river might pass 
through her entire length the whole night long. One 
morning Musa’s brother-in-law stepped into the water in 
order to swim off for a boat, to bring his companions on 
board, and was seized by a crocodile ; the poor fellow held 
up his hand, as if imploring assistance, in vain. On de- 
nouncing Musa’s heartlessness, he replied : “ Well, no one 
tell him to go in there.” At another time, when we were 
at Senona, a slave woman was seized by a crocodile; four 
Makololo rushed in unbidden and rescued her, though they 
knew nothing about her. Long experience leads me to 
look on these incidents as typical of the two races. The 
race of mixed blood possesses the vices of both parents, 
and the virtues of neither. I have had more service out 
of low-class Moslems than any one else. The Baron Van 
der Deeken was plundered of all his goods by this class, in 
an attempt to go to Nyassa. As it was evidently done 
with the connivance of his Arab guide, Sved Majib ordered 
