RELATIONSHIPS OF THE AUSTRALIAN CAINOZOIC SYSTEM. 
Table of Cainozoic Strata in Australia. 
Epochs in Europe. 
Equivalent Strata in Australia. 
Holocene 
Pleistocene . . 
Upper 
Pliocene 
% 
Lower 
Miocene . . 
Oligocene 
Dunes, beaches, shell-beds, and delta deposits now forming. 
Raised beaches ; river terraces (younger) ; swamp deposits 
with Diprotodoii ; cave breccias with extinct marsupials 
in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, South Aus- 
tralia, and Western Australia Helix sandstone of 
Barren and Flinders Islands ; older sand-dunes of 
Warrnambool and Sorrento. 
Estuarine beds of the Murray Basin ; (?) hard sandstone 
with rnicrozoa at 520 feet in Sorrento Bore ; shell-beds of 
Limestone Creek, Glenelg River, Victoria ; upper beds of 
Moorabool Viaduct. (= Werrikooian, Hall and Prit- 
chard). 
Terrestrial Series.- — Red Sands of Nillumbik Peneplain, near 
Melbourne ; newer deep leads of Victoria. 
Marine Series. — Shell-beds of Jimmy’s Point, Gippsland ; 
sandy shell marl of Beaumaris ; Limopsis beaumariensis 
bed of Sorrento Bore ; upper beds, Muddy Creek, Hamil- 
ton. (= Kalimnan, H. and P.); Upper Aldingan of 
South Australia. 
Terrestrial Series. — Older deep leads, Victoria ; leaf-beds of 
Maddingley, Bacchus Marsh, Victoria, and Dalton and 
Gunning, New South Wales. 
Marine Series.- — Fossil if erous beds of Cape Otway and 
Spring Creek, Victoria, and Table Cape, Tasmania. 
Batesford and Grange Burn limestone ( Lcpidocyclina 
tournoueri and L. marrjmata beds, — Burdigalian). 
Polyzoal rock, Hinders, Victoria, and Mount Gambier 
and Nullarbor Plains, South Australia ; Older Cainozoic 
of bores in Murray Basin ; Lower Aldingan of South 
Australia ; middle series of Sorrento Bore with Eutrochus 
fontinalis. (= Janjukian, H. and P.). Fossiliferous 
marls, of Fyansford, Camperdown, Corio Bay and Bairns- 
dale. 
Shelly clays and leaf-beds of Mornington ; lower part of 
Altona Bay and Newport Bores with sandy shell-marl 
and brown coal ; lower beds of Sorrento bore \ lower beds 
of Muddy Creek. (= Balcombian, H. and P.). 
Summary of Conclusions. 
1. The oldest fossiliferous beds of tire Cainozoies of southern 
Australia are represented by the Balcombian series (of Hall and 
Pritchard), as exemplified by the blue clays of Mornington and 
Altona Bay Coal-shaft, in Port Phillip, and the Clifton Bank series 
at Muddy Creek, Hamilton. 
2. The homotaxial equivalents of the Balcombian in European 
stratigraphy is the Oligocene (approximately Priabonian to Rupelian) 
including the fiuvio-marme beds of the south of England and the 
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