RELATIONSHIPS OF THE AUSTRALIAN CAINOZOIC SYSTEM. 
reveals a thick series, about 80 feet in extent, of a grey clay with 
gypsum similar to that north of the Cement Works, and which is 
evidently part of the same Balcombian series. The upper beds are 
seamed with fracture-lines due to local faulting, and through these 
minor rifts percolation has taken place through the surrounding 
strata containing pyritous matter, resulting in the replacement of 
the fossil shells by gypsum (Fig. 2). The occurrence of the marl-bed 
F t? .2 
.SLCT^N of CuiIF rtCAft niOBtE- Of Bf,LComRE;5BM. 
at this place is compatible with the general character of an Oligocene 
fluvio-marine series, as typified on the other side of the Bay at 
Newport and Altona. The relationship between the older basalt 
and the Balcombian clays is obscure at this part, owing to the 
masking by landslips and extensive faulting ; but near Landslip 
Point* * * § the" basalt is seen to overlie the granite and conglomerate, 
the latter being referred by Messrs. Hall and Pritchard] to the 
Balcombian or older, and to underlie the fossiliferous ironstone 
conglomerate with a typical Janjukian fauna. In a recent visit to 
Frankston, Mr. R. A. Keble and the writer obtained several restricted 
Janjukian fossils from the fossiliferous ironstone ; thus linking this 
bed with similar ironstones at Flemington, Keilor, and South 
Yarra (see postea, p. 29). 
Older basalt is met with at various points along the coast, as 
between Chechingurk Creek and Mornington, between Mornington 
and Grice’s Creek, and between Wallace Bay and Frankston. J 
Leaf-beds also occur, associated “ with quartz pebbly drift ” . . • 
“ in the base of a high cliff in Balcombe Bay,”§ and Mr. Kitson 
thinks the leaves resemble those of the Janjukian at Sentinel Rock, 
Cape Otway. Mr. J. S. Green has lately obtained some leaves from 
these beds, which show a marked resemblance to the genera 
described by H. Deane from Berwick, as Apocynophyllum, cf. 
Tristanites; Lomatia, and cf. Fagus. No leaf-bed s were met with 
* See Section C-D of A. E. Kitson’s Report on the Coast Line between Frankston, Mornington, 
and Dromana. Geol. Surv. Viet., Monthly Prog Eg*- No. 12, 1900. 
t Proc. Rov. Soe. Viet., vol. xiv. (N.S.), pt. 1, 1901, p. 43. 
t See Kitson. Monthly Prog. Rep. Geol. Surv. Viet., No .12, 1900, p. 8. Also Hall a d 
Pritchard, Proc. Roy. Soc. Viet., vol. xiv., pt. 1, 1901, p. 35, et seq. 
§ Kitson, loc. supra cit., p. 11. 
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