§4  Mr.  hutton  on  the  initial 
with  the  fame  weight  of  powder,  would  be  increafed  in 
the  ratio  of  the  fquare  root  of  the  weight  of  the  fhot. 
6.  It  would  alfo  be  an  improvement  to  diminifh  the 
windage;  for  by  fo  doing,  one-third  or  more  of  the 
quantity  of  powder  might  be  faved. 
7 . When  the  improvements  mentioned  in  the  laft  two 
articles  are  confidered  as  both  taking  place,  it  is  evident 
that  about  half  the  quantity  of  powder  might  be  faved, 
which  is  a very  confiderable  objedt.  But  important 
as  this  faving  may  be,  it  feems  to  be  ftill  exceeded  by  that 
of  the  article  of  the  guns ; for  thus  a fmall  gun  may  be 
made  to  have  the  effect  and  execution  of  one  of  two  or 
three  times  its  fize  in  the  prefent  mode,  by  difcharging  a 
fhot  of  two  or  three  times  the  weight  of  its  natural  ball 
or  round  fhot.  And  thus  a fmall  fhip  might  difcharge 
fhot  as  heavy  as  thofe  of  the  greateft  now  made  ufe  of. 
Finally,  as  the  above  experiments  exhibit  the  regu- 
lations with  regard  to  the  weights  of  powder  and  balls, 
when  fired  from  the  fame  piece  of  ordnance,  8cc.;  fo 
by  making  firnilar  experiments  with  a gun,  varied  in  its 
length,  by  cutting  off  from  it  a certain  part  before  each 
courfe  of  experiments,  the  effects  and  general  rules  for 
the  different  lengths  of  guns  may  be  certainly  deter- 
mined by  them.  In  lhort,  the  principles  on  which  thefe 
expe- 
