vi JDr. thunberg’s Journal of a 
bowl of the pipe ; which pills, as they can laft but for a few 
whiffs, muff be very frequently renewed. 
Fans are ufed by both fexes equally, and are, within or with- 
out doors, their infeparable companions. 
The whole nation are naturally cleanly ; every houfe, whe- 
ther public or private, has a bath, of which conftant and daily 
ufe is made by the whole family. 
You feldom meet a man who has not his mark imprinted on 
the fleeves and back of his cloaths, in the fame colour in which 
the pattern is printed : white fpots are left in manufacturing 
them, for the purpofe of inferring thefe marks. 
Obedience to parents and refpedt to fuperiors is the charac- 
teriftick of this nation. It is pieafing to fee the refpedt with 
which inferiors treat thofe of high rank: if they meet them 
abroad, they flop till they have paffed by ; if in a houfe, they 
keep at a diftance, bowing their heads to the ground. Their 
falutations and converfations between equals abound alfo with 
civility and poiitenefs; to this children are early accuftomed by 
the example of their parents. 
Their penal laws are very fevere ; but punifliments are feldom 
inflicted. Perhaps there is no country where fewer crimes againft 
fociety are committed. 
Their ufage of names differs from that of all other nations. The 
family name is never made ufe of but in figning folemn con- 
tracts, and the particular name by which individuals are diftin- 
guifhed in converfation varies according to th'e age or fituafion of 
the perfon who makes ufe of it ; fo that fometimes the fame 
perfon is, in his life-time, known by five or fix different names. 
They reckon their age by even years, not regarding whether 
they were born at the beginning or the end of a year, fo that a 
child is faid to be a year old on the new year’s day next after his 
birth, even though he has not been born many days. 
Commerce and manufactures flourifh here, though, as thefe peo- 
pie have few wants, they are not carried to the extent which we 
lee in Europe. Agriculture is fo well underftood, that the whole 
country, even to the tops of the hills, is cultivated. They trade 
with no foreigners but the Dutch and Chinefe, and in both cafes 
with 
