Structure and Oeconotny of Whales. 
parts, found in land animals of the fame clafs, are either in- 
tirely wanting, as the external ear ; are placed internally, as 
the teflicles ; or are fpread along under the Ikin, as the 
udder. 
The tail is flattened horizontally, which is contrary to 
that of flfli, this pofition of tail giving the direction to the ani- 
mal in the progreflive motion of the body. I fhall not purfue 
this circumftance further than to apply it to thofe purpofes in 
the animrj oeconomy, for which this particular direction is 
intended. 
The two lateral fins, which are analogous to the anterior 
extremities in the quadruped, are commonly fmall, varying 
however in flze, and feem to lerve as a kind of oars. 
To afcertain the ufe of the fin on the back is probably not 
fo eafy, as the large Whalebone and Spermaceti Whales have it 
not; one fhould otherwife conceive it intended to preferve the 
animal from turning. 
1 believe, like moft animals, they are of a lighter colour on 
their belly than on their back : in iome they are intirely white 
on the belly ; and this white colour begins by a regular deter- 
mined line, as in the Grampus, Piked Whale, &c. : in others, 
the white on the b lly is gradually (haded into the dark colour 
of the back, as in the Porpoile. 1 have been informed, that fome 
of them are pied upwards and downwards, or have the divifions 
of colour in a contrary direction 
The element in which they live renders certain parts which 
are of importance in other animals ufeltfs in them, gives to 
fome parts a different action, and renders others of lets account. 
The pundta lachrymalia with the appendages, as the lac and 
du£t,are in them unneceflary ; and the lecretion from the lachry- 
mal gland is not water, but mucus, as it alfo is in the Turtle 
and* 
