'Travelling, as performed by Camels. 131 
of travelling. I /hall therefore detail the examples from 
whence I have drawn the proportions for the hours and days 
journey of the camel, under the two different degrees of bur- 
then, which ccnftitute what is commonly denominated the 
light, and the heavy caravan. 
The routes which furnifli the above examples are determined 
in their horizontal, or direct diftatice, by the refpeftive por- 
tions of Aleppo, Bagdad, and Bussorah : all of which 
have their latitudes and longitudes fixed by celeftial obferva- 
tions *. Thefe routes are five in number: and although fome 
of the journals that defcribe them, contain lefs information 
than others, yet all of them have the time given with a fuffi- 
cient degree of precifion, to enable me to found a general rule 
on. Three of thefe routes lead acrofs the great desert, or 
that between Aleppo and Bufforah ; the other two are acrofs 
the little desert, or that between Aleppo and Bagdad. 
The firft of the Great Defert routes was traced by a Mr. Car- 
michael in 1751. The manufcript copy of his Journal was 
obligingly communicated by my friend Dr. Patrick Russell 5 
and it manifefts a great degree of ingenuity and perfeverauce 
in this way . The Author declares, that he was determined to 
keep a regifter of the courfes by a compafs, and to compute, 
comparatively, if not abfolutely, the intermediate diftance on 
each courfe ; by counting the fteps or paces of the camel on 
which he rode, during a certain interval of time; and after- 
wards meafuring a number of them on the ground. The 
particulars of this operation fhall be given hereafter; and 
* Aleppo, in Conn, des Temps, lat. 36° n', long. 37 ° 9 % reckoned from 
’Greenwich. 
Bagdad, by M. Beauchamp, lat. 33 0 22', long. 44 0 21', Greenwich. 
Bufforah, by Capt. Ritchie, lat. 3 o° 30', long. 47 0 33', Greenwich. 
T 2 although 
