: "Dissection of an Hermaphrodite Dog. 159 
From Mr. Hunter’s observations we learn, that in all the 
instances of free-martins which he examined, none had the 
complete organs of the male and female, but partly the one and 
partly the other, forming a mixture of both ; and, what is de- 
serving of notice, the ovaria and testicles, in all of them, were 
too imperfect to perform their functions. 
There is much reason to believe, that no instance of an her- 
maphrodite, in the strict sense of the. word, has ever occurred 
in the more perfect quadrupeds, or in the human species ; for, 
when we consider the bones of the pelvis, to which the organs 
of generation are connected, it is difficult to conceive in what 
way the complete parts of the male and female could be placed, 
distinct from each other ; and no instance of its having hap- 
pened is to be found, in any record which can be depended 
upon. 
As much has been said by authors, respecting hermaphro- 
dites, particularly in our own species, and histories of them 
have a place even in the Philosophical Transactions, it may not 
be improper to explain the different kinds of monstrous pro- 
duction, which have been frequently mistaken for a complete 
mixture of male and female organs. 
This inquiry into the subject of hermaphrodites, I shall pur- 
sue in the following order : first, examine into such malforma- 
tions of the male, as led to the belief of the persons being her- 
maphrodites. Secondly, such malformations in the female, as 
have led to the same conclusion. Thirdly, such males as, from 
a deficiency in their organs, have not the character and general 
properties of the male, and may be called neuters. Fourthly, 
those in which there is a real mixture of the organs of both 
sexes, although not sufficiently complete to constitute double 
Y 2 
