TO PRINCIPAL TIMBER TREES, ETC. 
87 
Pterocarpus Marsupium, Roxburgh. 
India, ascending in Ceylon and the Circars to at least 3,000 feet 
altitude ; hence this tree would doubtless grow without protec- 
tion in those tracts of our colony which are free of frost. It 
exudes the best medicinal kino, which contains about 75 per 
cent, of tannic acid. P. santalinus (Linne fib), which provides 
the Saunders or red sandal wood, is also indigenous to the 
mountains of India. 
Fterocarya fraxinifolia, Kunth. 
Central Asiatic Russia. A kind of walnut tree, which with 
P. stenoptora (Gas. de Cand.) on Dr. Hance’s recommendation, 
should be adopted as trees for both ornament and timber, and 
so perhaps also the J apanese species. 
Punica G-ranatum, LinnA 
The Pomegranate. North Africa and West Asia. Well-known 
for its showy habit, rich coloured flowers, peculiar fruit, and 
medicinal astringency, but much overlooked regarding its value 
as a hedge plant. 
Pyrus Japonica, Thunberg. 
Japan. One of the prettiest of small hedge bushes. Under 
favourable circumstances it will produce its quince-like fruit. 
Pyrus nivalis, Jacquin. 
The Snow Pear. Middle and South Europe. This would be 
adapted for orchards in our higher mountain regions. The fruit 
becomes soft and edible through exposure to snow. P. amygda- 
liformis (Villars) is probably the wild state of this tree. 
Pyrus salicifolia LinnA 
Greece, Turkey, Persia, South West Russia. Though its fruit, 
which slowly mollifies, is edible, this tree is mainly utilized as 
a superior stock for grafting. 
Quercus densiflora, Hooker and Arnott. 
Californian Chesnut Oak. A large evergreen tree of beautiful 
outline, dense foliage and compact growth. Bark very valuable 
for tanning; wood however subject to rapid decay (Prof. 
Bolander). Quercus Douglasi and Q.lobata are two other tall 
oaks of California. 
Quercus lobata, Nee. 
California. The large acorns can be used for food. 
Quercus lyrata, Walter. 
The overcup Oak of the south-eastern states of North America, 
extending from South Illinois to Florida and Louisiana. Lately 
recommended as one of the most valuable for timber cvltivation. 
