TO PRINCIPAL TIMBER TREES, ETC. 
95 
Villebrunia integrifqjia, Gaudichaud. 
India, ascending the Himalayan mountains to 5,000 feet. A 
small tree, allied to the Rami plant, Boehmeria nivea. Mr. C. B, 
Clarke regards the fibre as one of the strongest available in India, 
it being used for bowstrings. Other Villebrmias, for instance 
V. frutescens , and also some species of Debregeasia, particularly 
D. velutina, deserve likewise regular culture, for the sake of their 
fibre. Moist forest tracts seem particularly adapted for these 
plants, because V. integrifolia grows in Sikkim at an elevation 
where, according to Dr. G. King, the rainfall ranges from 100 to 
200 inches. This fibre is much more easily separable than that 
of Maoutia Puya , according to Dr. King’s observations. 
Witheringia solanacea, Helrit. South America. This perennial 
herb needs trial culture, on account of its large edible tubers. 
Zelkova crenata, Spach. (Planer a Richardi, Michaux). 
South West Asia, ascending to 5,000 feet. In favourable locali- 
ties a good sized tree, with qualities resembling those of the Elms. 
The allied Z. cretica (Spach) is restricted to South Europe. 
Zizyphus Lotus, Lamarck. 
Countries around the Mediterranean Sea. The fruits are small 
and less sweet than those of Z. vulgaris ; nevertheless they are 
largely used for food in the native country of this bush. 
Zizyphus Sinensis, Lamarck. 
China and Japan. Similar in use to the last. 
Zizyphus Spina Christi, Willdenow, 
Middle and North Africa, South West Asia. Rather a hedge 
plant than a fruit bush. 
Zizyphus Joazeiro, Martins. 
Brazil. Recommended as yielding fruit in arid regions. 
