THE CALIFORNIAN SALMON. 
Ill 
state, the top of the dorsal and pectoral, and the hind 
margin of the caudal fins are black. The hind margin of 
the gill-cover is obtusely rounded. It has a single row of 
teeth on the vomer, sometimes pointing alternately to the 
right and left, which soon disappear, except three or four 
on the front of the vomer. It has fourteen to fifteen scales 
in an oblique line forward from behind the adipose fin to 
the lateral line. There are twenty -four to thirty rows of 
scales above, and about twenty-two below the lateral line. 
Of the Salmo fario, or river trout, there are two varieties 
in Britain (besides the various lake trouts, such as the 
Loch Leven trout — S. Levenensis — which is celebrated for 
its fine flavour ; S. ferox , or large lake trout, and several 
other species). Of these two varieties of the Salmo fario, 
one, the Salmo fario ausonii of Gunther, sometimes attains 
to a length of over thirty inches, and weighs over twenty 
pounds. It is found in the southern parts of England, 
in Sweden, and on the continent of Europe. It has 
thirteen to fourteen rays in its dorsal fin, ten to eleven 
in the anal, and thirteen in the pectoral; it has fifty- 
seven to fifty-eight vertebras, and thirty-eight to forty- 
seven pyloric caeca. Its dentition is the most perfect of 
any of the genus. The body of the vomer has a double 
row of strong teeth either opposite or alternate, which 
remain through life, as in all the varieties of Salrno fario . 
There are twenty -six to thirty rows of scales above, and 
twenty-one below the lateral line and fifteen in an oblique, 
direction from behind the adipose fin forward to the lateral 
line. 
The other variety is much smaller, and inhabits the 
Scotch and Irish rivers, and some of those in the northern 
counties of England, both forms being found in Shropshire. 
The smaller variety is called by Gunther the Salmo fario 
gaimardi. It has fifty-nine to sixty vertebrae, and seldom 
