ORTMANN ! TERTIARY INVERTEBRATES. 
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while others have the same form, but the rugosities of the ribs caused 
by the spiral striae are less pronounced. It is impossible to distinguish, 
among our material, more than one species : if we wanted to do so — 
according to the number of ribs and the development of the striae — we 
should be forced to accept about half a dozen species, with as many 
transitional forms. 
Record of specimens : Mouth of Santa Cruz River, 5 sp. ; Mt. of Obser- 
vation, upper horizon, 4 sp.; San Julian, Darwin Station, 21 sp.; Upper 
Rio Chalia, 2 sp.; 30 miles north of Upper Rio Chalia, 1 sp.; Canon near 
Sierra Oveja, Rio Chico, 1 sp.; Lake Pueyrredon, base of Tertiary, 1 sp. 
Distribution : San Julian (Sow.); Santa Cruz, La Cueva, Jegua quemada, 
Suprapatagonian, and possibly Patagonian beds (v. Ih.) ; Chili: Navidad, 
Matanzas, Lebu (Phil.); New Zealand, Oamaru and Pareora systems, 
Oligocene and Miocene (Zittel, Hutton). 
A variety, obsoleta, without spiral striae is mentioned by v. Ihering from 
Santa Rosa or Punta Raza (see pp. 112 and 1 1 9), Tehuelche beds. 
Affinities : Very closely allied is the Oligocene S. incequistriata v. Koenen 
(1867, p. 107, pi. 6, f. 14), from northern Germany: the longitudinal ribs 
are from 14 to 20, and the spiral ribs are more numerous (30 to 40 on 
the last whorl in individuals, which are only as large as a medium sized 
S. rugulosa ). The latter character is the only difference I can discover. 
On the other hand, the Miocene S. lamellosa (Broc.) (see: Hoernes, 1856, 
p. 474, pi. 46, f. 7) comes very near (as has been pointed out by Zittel 
under S. lymta): it has ribs of the same character, but the number of 
spiral striae is less (only 6), and the whorls increase (according to the 
figure) a little more rapidly. In Eocene deposits this type of Scalaria 
seems to be lacking. 
Fam. CAPULIDAE Cuv. 
Gen. CRUCIBULUM Schum. 
108. Crucibulum dubium Ortmann. 
PI. XXXII, Fig. 3 «> 6 . 
1900 C. d. Ortmann, in: Amer. Journ. Sci., v. 10, p. 373. 
Cast subcircular, depressed-conical. Apex subcentral. On one side is 
seen the impression of the internal cup-shaped lamina, which was attached 
to the inner wall of the shell. 
