PATAGONIAN EXPEDITIONS : PALEONTOLOGY. 
338 
1 3. Posterior border of palate perfor- 
ated by a large foramen on either 
side of the posterior nares. 
14. Premaxillae excavated for re- 
ception of the tip of the lower 
canine. 
15. Palatal vacuities absent. 
16. Presence of a vascular foramen 
(the post-zygomatic of Cope) 
perforating anteriorly the baseof 
the zygoma below or within the 
lip of the post-glenoid foramen. 
17. Presence of a large vascular 
foramen (the sub-squamosal of 
Cope) perforating the squa- 
mosal on or above the crest 
which connects the base of the 
zygoma with the inion. 
18. Epipubic ossifications absent. 
19. Sutures of the skull and epi- 
physial elements of the skele- 
ton distinct in fully adult indi- 
viduals. 
20. Transverse process of seventh 
cervical perforated by arterial 
canal. 
13. A marsupial character. 
14. The same structure occurs in 
Dasyurus , Thylacynus and Di- 
delphys , but is not present in 
Perameles and Sarcophilus. 
15. Present in the majority of liv- 
ing marsupials. Absent in 
some species of Macropus and 
Petaurus. Usually thought of 
as primitive, but more probably 
to be regarded as a secondary 
character. Found also among 
the Insectivora. 
16. Confined to the Marsupialia 
and Monotremata. (Cope, 
Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. 18, 
p. 453. 1880.) 
17. Characteristic of the Marsu- 
pialia, but not confined to that 
order. Absent in placental 
carnivores. 
18. Cartilaginous and vestigial in 
Thylacynus. 
19. Not strictly a marsupial char- 
acter, but indicative of marsu- 
pial affinities, when considered 
in connection with the other , 
characters presented. 
20. Imperforate in nearly all pla- 
cental carnivores and also in 
Sarcophihis. Perforate in 
most marsupials. 
