6 
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 1 52 
individuals belonging to Quinqueloculina seminula were found at sta- 
tion 259 which is approximately at the same location as the 1964 sta- 
tion 96. 
SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY 
The total number of individuals (all species) found at each station 
for the living and total populations for the sampling times July 1964 
and April 1965 is shown in figures 1 and 2, respectively. Plots of the 
distributions of the more abundant species were also prepared but are 
not shown here. The only clearly discernible pattern (for both sam- 
pling times) is that some areas have Foraminifera and some have very 
few or none. The gutters and outer harbor subareas have the largest 
foramini feral populations. The inner harbor and northwest gutter 
subareas are conspicuously barren. 
Stations less than 200 yards apart which might be expected to be 
subjected to the same environmental variables and belong to the same 
general subarea, such as gutters or outer harbor, show marked varia- 
tion. For example, as is shown in table 1, stations 105-106, 107-108, 
and 95-117 for July 1964 and 266-266', 265-272, and 264-270 for 
April 1965 differ widely. Clearly, there is spatial heterogeneity in a 
very small area. Likewise, stations which are at approximately the 
same locality, but were sampled at different times show a great amount 
of heterogeneity. Stations 102-272, 114-260, and 96-259 are approxi- 
mately at the same locality but differ markedly in their contents. More 
foraminifers were recorded in April 1965 than in July 1964. Because 
of the great spatial heterogeneity, however, it is impossible to say how 
much of the variation is due to change with time. Unfortunately, no 
cores were analyzed to show how this variation would appear in a 
single column of sediment representing a substantial (a few thousand 
years) amount of time. 
The great amount of spatial heterogeneity found in the Hadley 
Harbor Complex contrasts markedly with areas such as the offshore 
area of Long Island Sound. There Buzas (1965) found that in the 
living population two samples consisting of five stations each picked at 
random from 10 stations which were located a mile apart along a tra- 
verse did not differ significantly. This kind of difference is to be 
expected. The offshore area of Long Island Sound is homogeneous 
with respect to sediment type as well as other environmental variables 
(see Riley, 1956). Other shallow areas, however, as shown by Buzas 
(1965) for Long Island Sound, by Ellison (1966) for the Rappa- 
hannock Estuary, and by Lynts (1966) for Florida Bay are spatially 
heterogeneous. 
