ON THE INFLUENZA IN HORSES. 
147 
mouth dry and hot, with, at times, intense redness of the palate 
and tongue, as if the animal had swallowed some fiery mixture. 
The membrane lining the nose sometimes highly coloured, and at 
other times much paler than natural. The nose, lips, body, and 
limbs largely swollen, attended with alternate and rapid changes 
from hot to cold. In some cases, swelling of the submaxillary 
glands, and, in consequence, a slight difficulty in swallowing. The 
pulse generally bounding and wiry, and ranging from 60 to 68. 
The blood when drawn slightly huffy, and taking a longer time than 
usual to set. The appetite somewhat impaired. The faeces, in 
most cases, healthy in appearance, and regularly discharged. The 
strength and movements of the animal never affected, except where 
a combination of the two states exist. 
The symptoms of the bronchial or nervous condition are in most 
respects quite opposite to the above. The eyelids are entirely free 
from swelling, and there is no discharge from the eyes. The ex- 
tremities likewise free from all engorgements ; the hair appearing 
fine and glossy, as in pneumonia; free as well from alternate 
changes of temperature, but generally at a very low heat. The 
membrane lining the nose intensely red, and in many instances 
passing into a dark purple hue. The palate, tongue, and mouth 
not hot (at least in a majority of cases), but covered with a white 
soapy kind of matter, of great tenacity, and generally of a very 
sour smell. The appetite not partially but wholly gone. The 
faeces small, round, and hard, and sometimes coated with a yellow 
mucous matter, discharged irregularly and in small quantities. The 
pulse changeable, but generally beating from 80 to 90 ; very soft 
and feeble ; while in many instances it cannot be felt at all. The 
blood when drawn presents no buffy coat ; is very thin and watery 
and pale in colour*. The breathing slightly quickened, though not 
constantly so, except whenffhe animal is moved, and then it rapidly 
increases, and takes a long period to settle again. Stiffness and 
weakness to a most frightful extent always exists, and the coun- 
tenance of the animal wears a peculiar anxious look. Soreness is 
evinced about the chest and neighbouring parts, especially during 
a fit of coughing. In short, great irritation appears to extend along 
the trachea and bronchial tubes, without at all affecting the sub- 
stance of the lungs ; at least, I have not detected any symptoms to 
that effect. 
Such, then, being the symptoms exhibited in each stage of the 
disease, that a division is demanded, no one, I think, will dispute. 
* These appearances existed in every case where I abstracted blood ; but 
the practice of bleeding for this state of the disease I soon abandoned, so that 
I cannot state for fact that they would exist in all cases. 
