648 
III'. VI K.W - TIIK NATURALIST’S LIBRARY’. 
Semetic languages, were imported by the first equestrian colonies 
that invaded Syria and Egypt. We find it, in a remoter sense, 
in the name of ' phre, the title of the sun, the charioteer, and the 
image of beauty ; as it is again in the west, where the Scandina- 
vian freya andyVnj/ denote beauty and pre-eminence. These in- 
ferences are further supported by the Babylonian name, ninus , 
ninnus , hinnus , through the Greek wvvov, from an Asiatic root, al- 
ways denoting a young equine animal ; and the old Persian name, 
pjul, a beam of the sun, a horse, a foal, consecrated to the sun ; 
and the later asp , both epithets and names of a whole series of 
kings and princes. Surely,” he continues,” these inferences are 
more admissible than to take phar or phra from the forced root 
Jugit. With regard to the oldest Sanscrit names of the horse, it 
is true we find none directly sounding like pm or perd ; they are 
aswa and turanga , with several other epithets : the first of these, 
no doubt, parent of the Persian asp, and the latter of Turan , 
the land of the swift, an ancient appellation of Bokhara, or the 
Valley of the Jaxartes— that river which in Hindu mythology is 
always represented issuing out of a horse’s mouth, and therefore 
another indication of the quarter whence horses became known to 
Southern Asia. Now, referring to atun, we may believe it to be 
another mutation, like asp, from aswa, or along with asiva, from 
a root still older, and to be likewise in connexion with ncnos and 
equus , which are claimed to be Pelasgian modifications; and that 
the Finnic epo and upping , an ancient Anglo-Saxon and Frisic 
term, is similarly related to All these names are expres- 
sive of qualities, and their roots may be fairly traced. A similar 
slight mutation places the Hebrew ramach, and the Celto-Scythic 
march , a horse, a mare, in the same affinity ; and if we take one 
more name sus or sush — in Turkish still sukh — the most ancient 
term for that animal known in the south-west of Asia, and the 
origin of Susiana and Suse, whither the earliest Caucasian inva- 
ders appear to have come to settle with their horses in the pas- 
tures along the river Choaspes. We have also an indication of 
colour. For sush, a mutation of sur , the inversion of rhus, applies 
to bay, the general livery of horses. A name in the west slightly 
varied to rhos, or hros , and horse , belongs to both the animal and 
the colour; while the word bay, in Latin badius , and in old Teu- 
tonic bayert , may be imported from Arabia, where beyal denotes 
the same animal, or is again a coincidence between the Arabic, 
the old Pelasgian, and the Teutonic. 
14 Thus we may infer,” continues the author, u the original horse 
of south-western Asia came already domesticated from the north- 
east; and therefore we find no mention of it made till the Patri- 
arch Joseph, holding the highest ministerial power in Egypt, 
