DISORGANIZATION OF THE KIDNEYS IN A SHEEP. 385 
ewe, and on the following morning appeared quite well. The 
ewe eats little or no nourishment, and is fast losing condition. 
Tuesday, 20th , — Very restless and violent. Again bled, and Jij 
mag. sulph. were administered, after which she appeared more 
quiet. She has been observed to make water during her illness, 
but no faeces have been passed. 
Wednesday, 21 st . — The medicine has operated several times : she 
is occasionally violent ; but for the most part remains in one corner 
of the house, apparently watching every thing that is moving near 
her. The tetanic symptoms have increased, and there is a frequent 
lateral motion of the head. She died in the course of the night. 
At the request of the owner, I consented to conduct a post- 
mortem examination, and the following appearances were visible. 
There was effusion of bloody serum into the cavity of the chest 
on both sides — the pericardium contained an ounce or more of 
the same liquid — the left lung, pleura, and pericardium were con- 
siderably inflamed — the heart natural — the abdomen contained 
nearly a quart of coloured serum — the liver was soft, or, as it is 
generally termed, rotten ; it appeared pale, was clay-coloured ex- 
ternally, and could be lacerated with very slight pressure : neither 
flukes nor their remains were visible. The spleen was reduced 
to a mere pulp, and strongly resembled black currant jelly, both 
in consistence and colour ; the bladder was quite empty, and con- 
tracted into firm rugae ; the stomach was filled with undigested 
substances, consisting of sticks, stones, and, apparently, faeces; 
but looked healthy, as also the intestines. The kidneys were 
found totally destitute of their investing membranes, and, on an 
attempt being made to detach them from their connexions, they 
were lacerated with the slightest force, were much enlarged, and 
of a whitish yellow colour externally. The cortical part of the 
kidneys and the fibrous structure had completely disappeared. On 
making a section into the pelvis of the left kidney, it was found 
completely filled by an enlarged renal vein, which contained an 
immense collection of small grains of a pearly white hue, which 
must have completely obstructed the return of blood. The tubuli 
uriniferi and bloodvessels were much enlarged, and were beauti- 
fully seen, when placed in water, with the aid of a common mag- 
nifier. The papillae appeared to have been consolidated, were 
smooth and shining, and somewhat resembling cartilage that had 
been softened by boiling. I could not perceive any granular de- 
posit, either on the exterior of the kidneys or in the situation of 
the tubuli. The brain was perfectly healthy-looking throughout 
its entire structure ; but a small quantity of liquid floated on its 
surface, underneath the dura mater : the ventricles did not con- 
tain any liquid, and the membranes were normal. 
