EDITORIAL OBSERVATIONS. 
229 
trary, these and all other creatures experience a gratification 
in inhaling portions of their own odoriferous principles. 
Not only is this the case with the individual animal, but 
other animals also show a liking for these things, some pre- 
ferring one and some another scent. The odour, in par- 
ticular, attaching to the generative organs, seems to be most 
gratifying to animals. The mare will show little affection 
for a substitute foal, or even recognise it, until it has par- 
taken of her milk, and this, as an element of nutrition, has 
entered fully into its organism. The same thing appertains 
to the cow and ewe. And that the recognition of the young 
depends more on the sense of smell, conjoined with that of 
hearing, than of seeing, is proved by the fact that blind 
mares, cows, or ewes, place their nostrils to their young for 
this purpose when they have called them to their side. 
Here, then, lies the secret, if secret it can be called, viz., to 
find out these preferences, and use them to effect our ends 
with domesticated animals. 
Many substances possess a property which gives them an 
increased value for such special purposes, namely, their ap- 
parently inexhaustible supply of odoriferous material : take 
musk as an example. And besides this, the olfactory organs 
of animals quickly recognise an odour that we may entirely 
fail to do. A thing may be scentless, or nearly so, to us, 
but full of delightful fragrance to them. 
It has even been said that the horse shows a liking for some 
persons because their bodies send forth a peculiar odour, 
which is gratifying to the animal, and if he can be made to 
partake of this, his attachment is both immediate and con- 
tinuous. On this principle Gervase Markham, upwards of 
two hundred years ago, recommended a cake to be made of 
oatmeal, honey, and Lunarce. 
“ Take a pound of oatmeal (he says), and put thereto a quarter of a pound 
of honey, and half a pound of lunarce , and make it into a cake, which you 
must put into your bosom next your skin ; after that, exercise yourself till 
you sweat, and then rub all your sweat upon the cake, which done, keep 
your horse fasting a day and a night, and then give him the cake to eat, and 
as soon as he has eaten it turn him loose : for then he will not only be most 
31 
XXXI. 
