306 
INVERTED BLADDER IN A MARE. 
a few hours copious alvine evacuations will follow, and no 
further treatment in general is found necessary. 
It is a curious circumstance, that in every case I have met 
with, the strangulation has existed on the right side, which, 
perhaps, may be accounted for by the small intestines princi- 
pally occupying that part. I find the standing position 
facilitates the operation by making the strangulated parts 
more tense, and likewise it gives greater space. In one or 
two instances in which the animal got down during the ope- 
ration, I had great difficulty in getting at the parts. 
The object of my making the incision on the left side is to 
prevent the small intestines being forced out of the orifice in 
case the animal should throw itself down during the opera- 
tion. 
I had intended to have made these remarks more complete 
by some observations upon the difference between the vas 
deferens produced by the different modes of castration, but 
the shortness of time precludes my doing so until some 
future day. I will only add that I have operated upon one 
animal successfully on the sixth day after he had become 
affected. 
CASE OF INVERTED BLADDER IN A MARE. 
By T. Taylor, M.R.C.V.S., Burton-on-Trent. 
I have this day forwarded to you the bladder of a mare 
that I was called in to see this week. 
Upon my arrival, I found a farrier in attendance — a fra- 
ternity in this neighbourhood as thick as hail — when, having 
made an examination per vaginam , my hand came in con- 
tact with a substance which I was somewhat at a loss to 
account for ; however, after a little manipulation I replaced 
it, but the pains of the mare soon brought it again into its 
former position. Even after a second successful attempt, the 
same result followed. Indeed, the pains were so violent 
that I was fearful of inversion of the uterus taking place. 
So I ordered some men continually to foment the parts, 
which were much swollen ; and on my second visit, I saw at 
once the poor animal could not live long, and death soon 
after took place. 
Making a post-mortem examination, I found the bladder 
to be inverted, exactly as I send it you, with the exception of 
its being, during life, more within the vagina ; indeed, it 
