PRODUCTION OF ANIMAL FOOD. 
381 
skin and other proceeds.”* Now, the mean course of the 
averages of the markets this year (1857) quotes meat at 
If. 40c. (Is. 2d.), and this priced is imaginary — u because the 
butchers have an interest in raising fictitiously the price of 
live cattle, in order to justify them in selling dearer by 
retail.T 
Let us, however, accept the quotation of If. 40c.; the 
average retail selling price has been If. 98c., or 58c. (5J d.) 
more than the cost price, instead of 10c. less. 
The following is, under another form, the butcher’s 
amount : 
Cost price of meat 
Selling price 
f Retail price 
\ Skin and other proceeds 
f. 
. 1 
. 0 
f. c. 
. 1 40 
c. 
Profit 
. 0 92 
But this is not all : we must now state the less palpable 
profits which accrue to this return of 2f. 32c., namely — 
1st. The coarse meat imposed upon the purchaser, in spite 
of the regulations of the Prefecture of Police, amounting to one 
fourth , and more frequently one-third of the weight : say 40c. 
per kilogramme.* 
2d. The substitutions of one class for another, or the 
deviation of the general amount from the classes, 40c. per 
kilogramme. 
3d. The sale to the tallow-melter of the fat from the car- 
case (about 15 kilogrammes per beast) ; of the loose fat and 
skin, charged according to custom, at the price of the meat 
(If. 98c. per kilogramme), and thrown into the basket, then 
sold a second time (about 10 kilogrammes, at If. 20c. per 
kilogramme). Total, 25 kilogrammes. Making a profit, on 
an average, of 49f. 80c. per beast, or If. 45c. per kilo- 
gramme. 
4th. The sale of 20 kilogrammes of bone allowed to the 
butcher upon each bullock, and reckoned by the Prefecture 
of Police at 20c. per kilogramme, and which they sell at the 
price of meat (If. 98c.) 
5th. The kidneys and false chines, the normal weight of 
w 7 hich is 20 kilogrammes; to which must be added 20 other 
* ‘Parliamentary Inquiry (Prench) of 1841,’ vol. i, p. 32. 
t * Report of M. Boulay de la Meurthe, 5 1841. 
