384 
PRODUCTION OF ANIMAL FOOD. 
tion of London. There are eaten in that city annually, 
277.000 oxen, 30,000 calves, 1,800,000 sheep, 33,000 pigs, &c. 
On this statement M. E. Blanc makes the following reflec- 
tions : 
“ If we refer to the consumption of Paris, we find that that 
annual average consumption, for a population w hich amounts 
to only half that of London, is 88,000 oxen (only one third 
of the consumption of London), 77,000 to 80,000 calves 
(nearly two thirds more than are consumed in London), and 
from 20,000 to 23,000 cows, &c. 
Now, reducing these classes to kilogrammes, we find the 
following differences between the alimentary conditions of 
the two capitals : 
“ The 277,000 oxen of London, superior in weight to those 
of the French oxen, and weighing in net meat a minimum of 
400 kilogrammes,, allow for the 2,360,000 inhabitants of that 
city 47 kilogrammes per head ; and the 30,000 calves, a food 
destitute of all nutritive qualities, 86 grammes only. 
“ The 88,000 oxen of Paris, on the contrary, weighing on 
an average 345 kilogrammes, allow to the 1,200,000 in- 
habitants of that city only 25 kilogrammes 300 gr. per head ; 
and the 77,000 calves 5 kilogrammes; which makes a differ- 
ence in favour of the population of London of 24 kilo- 
grammes 70 gr. of beef per head, and a difference in favour 
of the population of Paris of 4 kilogrammes 14 gr. of veal — 
the former being substantial^ and the latter unsubstantial 
food. 
“ These statements explain why the work of w’hich we 
speak thinks itself authorised to say, that 6 London is the 
city in the world where they live the longest . In ten years the 
average of deaths has been 25 per thousand ; and in 1856 that 
proportion was reduced to 22 per thousand 
<£ If, in order to complete the comparison, we consult the 
mortuary statistics of Paris, we find in them, by the state- 
ments of the English w 7 ork, a sad contrast in the constant 
progression in the deaths, the average of which w 7 as, in 1831 
to 1840, 26 per thousand; in 1841 to 1850, 28^ per thou- 
sand; and in 1851 to 1855, 31J per thousand. 
“ Perhaps the price of meat at these different periods will 
explain to us the cause of this deplorable mortuary pro- 
gression.” 
“ From 1831 to 18-10 meat sold at the stall from 60 to 
G5c. ( 6d . to Q\d.) per lb. It rose from 1841 to 1850, to 
from 70 to 75c.; and we have seen, from 1851 to 1855, and 
afterwards, it has attained a rate assuming from day to day 
more of a prohibitory character. 
