509 - 
NEW DIRECTIONS TO RESTORE THE APPARENTLY 
DROWNED. 
1. Treat the patient instantly, on the spot, in the open air 
— exposing the face and chest to the breeze, except in severe 
weather. 
To CLEAR THE THROAT. 
2. Place the patient gently face downwards, with one wrist 
under the forehead, in which position all fluids will escape 
by the mouth, and the tongue itself will fall forwards, 
leaving the entrance into the windpipe free. Assist this 
operation by wiping and cleansing the mouth. 
If there be breathing — wait and watch ; if not, or if it fail, 
then — 
To Excite Respiration — 
3. Turn the patient well and instantly on the side, and — 
4. Excite the nostrils with snuff, hartshorn, volatile salts, 
or the throat with a feather, &c., and dash cold water on the 
face, previously rubbed warm. 
If there be no success, lose not a moment, but instantly 
begin 
To Imitate Respiration — 
5. Replace the patient on the face, raising and supporting 
the chest well on a folded coat or other article of dress ; 
6. Turn the body very gently on the side and a little 
beyond, and then briskly on the face, alternately; repeating 
these measures deliberately, efficiently, and perseveringly 
about fifteen times in the minute, or every four seconds, 
occasionally varying the side ; 
[by placing the patient on the chest , its cavity is compressed by the 
weight of the body , and expiration takes place ; when turned on 
the side, this pressure is removed , and inspiration occurs . ] 
7. On each occasion that the body is replaced on the face, 
make uniform but efficient pressure, with brisk movement on 
the back between and below the shoulder-blades or bones, on 
each side, removing the pressure immediately before turning 
the body on the side ; 
| 'the first measure increases the expiration , the second increases 
inspiration. ] 
The result is — Respiration, or Natural Breathing; — 
and, if not too late, Life. 
8. After respiration has been restored, promote the warmth 
of the body by the application of hot flannels, bottles or 
bladders of hot water, heated bricks, &c., to the pit of the 
