310 
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
14- 5 -millimeter stage . — Total length, 14.5; length to vent, 10.6; length of head, 
2.5; greatest depth (head), 1.92; diameter of eye, 1.25; maxillary, 1.1 millimeter. 
Embryonic marginal fin fold broken dorsally at twenty-ninth myomere and well 
separated from posterior portion; no rays evident but some concentration in the 
anterior portion, indicating later position of basal elements; ventrally marginal fin 
fold much reduced; caudal becoming heterocercal by dorsal extension of notochord, 
outer contour very slightly notched, and few rays suggested ventrally; no ventrals 
in this specimen, although development is beginning in another specimen only 13.2 
millemeters long. Head more pointed; maxillary to middle of pupil. 
Pigmentation. — Chromatophores have increased greatly on top of head, and a 
double series with 3 or 4 lines of smaller ones between occurs along dorsal ridge of 
body. There are more pigment spots on sides of body and on dorsal surface of 
intestine, both surface and subsurface, and a few extend on to caudal. 
16.5 millimeter stage . — Total length, 16.5; standard length, 15.25; length to vent, 
11.9; length of head, 3.5; length of maxillary, 1.4; diameter of eye, 1.5; greatest depth 
(head), 2.2; depth at stomach, 1.9; greatest depth behind vent, 0.82 millimeter. 
Nine dorsal elements and short rays; none in anal; caudal rays developing; small 
ventrals apparent directly beneath dorsal rays. Intestine still ending away from body 
Figure 8 . — Leucichthys artedi, 17.5 millimeters 
at margin of embryonic fin fold. Body somewhat heavier than preceding. Pigmen- 
tation unchanged. 
17 .5 -millimeter stage . — Total length, 17.5; length to vent, 12.3; length of head, 
3.6; length of maxillary, 1.4; greatest depth (head), 2.3; diameter of eye, 1.5 milli- 
meters. Elements complete and 10 dorsal rays visible; 10 anal elements but no rays; 
ventrals larger but not rayed. 
BREEDING 
The lake herring spawns in November and early December, coming into shallow 
water in vast schools for the purpose. The eggs incubate on the bottom during the 
long winter months, hatching the following spring, the exact date dependent upon 
the temperature of the waters. 
4. Coregonus chipeaformis (Mitchiil). Whitefish. 
RECORD OF CAPTURE 
As in the case of the lake herring, the late start of our collecting trips during 
the summers of 1928 and 1929 prevented the capture of eggs and early young of this 
species. The following notes are based on a series of preserved eggs obtained from 
E. L. Wickliff at Put-in-Bay, Ohio, and young from 7 days to 109 days from Dr. John 
Van Oosten, reared at the New York Aquarium. The later stages described were 
loaned by J. L. Hart. 
