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BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
dorsal very small; caudal barely emarginate; pectorals large but unxayed, ventrals 
just appearing. 
Pigmentation. — The marking is unchanged from the preceding stage except 
for the addition of a few chromatophores over small air bladder. 
20.5-millimeter stage . — Total length, 20.5; standard length, 17.0; length to vent, 
10.8; length of head, 4.65; snout, 1.0; diameter of eye, 1.35; greatest depth before 
vent, 3.15; depth behind vent, 2.53; length to dorsal, 6.1; to anal, 11.4 millimeter. 
Myomeres, 22 to vent plus 20 + behind. Tapering; piglike snout characteristic; 
mouth inferior, not as small comparatively as in adult. Fins long and low; dorsal XV, 
15; anal II, 10 (last divided); ventrals well separated; pectorals rounded. 
Pigmentation. — Tip of snout and both jaws have many small chromatophores. 
Others are scattered sparingly over eye and over head on its distal margin. There 
are short patches along dorsal ridge, first between the dorsals, second below middle of 
second dorsal, third at end of fin and fourth nearly to end of body. Two patches 
occur along lateral line directly below the first and fourth dorsal patches, with 1 or 
more chromatophores between. A double series appears along ventral ridge from 
vent to caudal, heavier around anal base and a few large ones at proximal end of 
caudal rays indicate the future black spot. All vertical fins are dotted with small 
chromatophores, but the paired fins are colorless. 
25 .5 -millimeter stage . — Dorsal XV, 14, well separated; anal II, 10; ventrals long, 
more than halfway to vent, well separated; pectorals rather large, equal to ventrals. 
Total length, 25.5; standard length, 21.0; length to vent, 13.5; length of head, 6.0; 
greatest depth, 4.0; diameter of eye, 2.0 millimeters. Myomeres, about 20 to vent 
plus 20 behind (slightly incomplete). Body elongate, slightly compressed; head 
depressed, rather pointed; horizontal mouth small and inferior, overlapped by sub- 
truncate, piglike snout; very small, pointed teeth on vomer and palatines. 
Pigmentation. — The marking is in bars, 8 crossing dorsal aspect, not connected 
but opposite the lateral bars, of which there are about 10. Chromatophores are 
scattered over jaws, top, and sides of head. A line of small black ones extends from 
vent to end of body, double around anal fin. Many occur on dorsals and anal in a 
more or less longitudinally barred pattern. The caudal is dusky with a black spot 
at its base. 
BREEDING 
This very common lake fish spawns upstream during late spring. The capture 
of late larval and postlarval stages off some of the creeks in late June indicates that 
the season extends well into that month and that some spawning probably occurs 
only a short distance from the creek mouths, the young being carried out into the 
lake soon after hatching. 
