LIMNOLOGICAL STUDIES OF KARLUK LAKE, ALASKA, 
1926 - 1930 1 
<£• 
C. Juday, Limnologist, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Willis H. Rich, Professor 
of Zoology, Leland Stanford, Jr., University, G. I. Kemmeeer, Professor of Chemistry, University 
of Wisconsin, and Albert Mann, Diatomist, Carnegie Institute of Washington 
CONTENTS 
Part I. General limnology (by C. Juday, Willis H. Rich, and G. I. Kemmerer) 
Introduction 
Physical and chemical data 
Location and physical features of lake 
Transparency of water 
Temperatures 
Chemistry of lakes 
Chemistry of streams 
Chemistry of bottom deposits 
Plankton data 
Net plankton 
Karluk Lake 
Thumb Lake ^ 
O’Malley Lake 
Comparison of Karluk with other lakes 
Centrifuge plankton 
Summary 
Literature cited 
Part II. Diatoms of the bottom deposits of Karluk Lake (by Albert Mann) 
& 
Part I. GENERAL LIMNOLOGY 
By C. Juday, Willis H. Rich, and G. I. Kemmerer 
INTRODUCTION 
The following report deals with the limnological data that were collected on 
Karluk Lake, Alaska, during the summers of 1926 to 1930, inclusive. In 1926 and 
1927 considerable time was spent in making observations on this lake, but from 1928 
to 1930 the studies were limited to brief visits in early July each year and again in 
late August or early September. 
These lake studies were made in connection with the general salmon investiga- 
tions that have been carried on in Alaska for a number of years. These investiga- 
tions have included a detailed study of the red salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka) of 
Karluk River with the particular object of determining the factors affecting the 
fluctuations in the size of the runs from year to year. One of the most important of 
these factors is the size of the breeding populations, as is clearly indicated by the 
definite periodicity in the size of the runs (Gilbert and Rich, 1927). Beginning in 
1921 a weir has been maintained each year in the Karluk River through which the 
escapement of spawning fish is annually enumerated. These data, together with 
those of the commercial catch of salmon in the Karluk district, will make possible, 
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» Bulletin No. 12. Approved for publication, May 7, 1932. 
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