THE BIRD BOOK 
56 7e. Carolina Junco. Junco hyemalis carolinensis. 
Range. — Alleghanies in Virginia, the Carolinas and Geor- 
gia. 
A slightly larger bird than the Slate-colored Junco and 
with the bill horn color instead of pinkish white. They 
have been found to breed very abundantly in the higher 
ranges of the Carolinas, nesting under banks, in tufts of 
grass, or occasionally in small bushes, in fact in such loca- 
tions as are used by hyemaMs. Their eggs which are laid 
during May, June or July (probably two broods being rais- 
ed) are similar to those of the Slate-colored species but 
slightly larger. 
567t. Montana Junco. Junco hyemalis montanus. 
Range. — From northern Idaho and Montana north to 
Alberta; winters south to Mexico. 
This variety is like mearnsi but darker on the head and 
throat and with less pink on the sides. Its nesting habits 
and eggs do not differ from those of the Pink-sided Junco. 
56 7g. Pink-sided Junco. Junco hyemalis mearnsi. 
Range. — Breeds in mountains of Idaho, Wyoming and 
Montana and winters south to Mexico. 
This species has the head and breast gray, the back brown- 
ish and the sides pinkish brown. They breed at high alti- 
tudes in the ranges, placing their nests of grasses under sods 
or overhanging rocks; their eggs are pinkish white before 
being blown and are spotted over the whole surface but more 
heavily at the large end with pale reddish brown and gray. 
Size .80 x .60. 
570. Arizona Junco. Junco phceonotus palliatus. 
Range. — Mountains of western Mexico north to southern Arizona. 
Similar to the preceding species but upper mandible blackish and the gray 
on throat shading insensibly into the grayish white underparts. They are quite 
abundant in the higher ranges of southern Arizona, where they breed, placing 
their nests on the ground in similar locations to those chosen by other Juncos; 
the three or four eggs are greenish white, finely speckled chiefly about the large 
end with reddish brown. Sixe .76 x .60. 
White 
570a. Red-backed Junco. Junco phceonotus dorsalis. 
Rang. — Breeds in the mountains of New Mexico and Arizona and southward. 
This variety is like the last but the reddish brown on the back does not extend 
to the coverts or wings. The nesting habits are like those of the last but the 
eggs are only minutely specked about the large end. 
570b. Gray-headed Junco. Junco phceonotus caniceps. 
Range. — Rocky Mountain region from Wyoming south to Mexico. 
This species is similar to the Slate-colored Junco but has a 
reddish brown patch on the back. They nest on the ground in 
mountainous regions, concealing the nests in tufts of grass or 
under logs, stones, etc. The eggs are creamy or bluish white, 
specked over the whole surface, but most numerously about the 
larger end with reddish brown. Size .75 x .60. Data. — Custer 
Co., Colo., June 4, 1897. Slight nest of small rootlets and fine 
grass placed under a tuft of grass. Altitude over 8,000 feet. 
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White 
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