THE BIRD BOOK 
620. Phainopepla. Phainopepla nitens 
Range. — Southwestern United States and Mexico; north 
to southern Utah and Colorado. 
This peculiar crested species is wholly 
shining blue black except for a patch of 
white on the inner webs of the primaries. 
Their habits are somewhat like those of 
the Cedar-bird, they being restless, and 
feeding upon berries or insects, catching 
the latter in the air. They make loosely 
constructed nests of twigs, mosses, plant Light gray 
fibres, etc., placed on branches of trees, usually below 20 
feet from the ground, in thickets or open woods near water, 
the eggs are two or three in number, light gray, spotted 
sharply with black; size .88 x .65. Data. — Pasadena, Cal., 
July 15, 1894. Nest in an oak 10 feet up; composed of 
weeds and string. Collector, Horace Gaylord. 
SHRIKES. Family LANIID^ 
liliJ— 620 
621. Northern Shrike. Lanius borealis. 
Range. — North America, breeding north of our borders; 
winters in northern half of the United States and casually 
farther south. 
All Shrikes are similar in nature and plumage, being 
grayish above and white below, with black wings, tail and ear patches, and 
with white outer tail feathers and bases of primaries; the present species may 
be known by its larger size (length over 10 inches) and wavy dusky lines on the 
breast. They are bold and cruel birds, feeding upon in- 
sects, small rodents and small birds, in the capture of 
which they display great cunning and courage; as they 
have weak feet, in order to tear their prey to pieces with 
their hooked bill, they impale it upon thorns. They nest 
in thickets and tangled underbrush, making their nests of 
vines, grasses, catkins, etc., matted together into a rude 
Grayish white structure. During April or May they lay from four to 
six grayish white eggs, spotted and blotched 
with yellowish brown and umber; size 1.05 
x .75. 
622. Loggerhead Shrike. Lanins ludo- 
vicianus ludovicianus. 
Range. — United States, east of the Plains, 
breeding north to New England and Illinois; 
winters in Southern States. 
Like the last but smaller 
(length 9 inches), not marked 
below and with the ear 
patches sharply defined. They 
nest in hedges or thickly tan- 
gled brush, showing a pre- 
dilection for dense thorn 
bushes, where they place Grayish white 
their piles of weeds, grasses, feathers and rub- 
bish; the four or five eggs are laid in April 
or May; they are like those of the last, but 
smaller, averaging .96 x .72. 
376 
Northern Shrike 
