' 
Salmon s ‘Herbal Lib. I. 
ny or Feathered Heads, not much unlike to thofe of 
the Pafque-fiozaer . , with an oblong Seed , of a Sad Red 
(dolour. And the bottoms of the {'lowers are fujlain- 
ed, as it toe re, with narrow oblong hairy Leaves. 
VI. 4. Cinquefoil A veils. It has a Root compofed 
of many tough Strings, of a brozvnifij Colour, and 
fuelling Jo me what like to the former Kinds, from 
whence nj'es up Leaves divided into five parts like 
unto Cinquefoil , dented about the edges, and having 
Stalks about a Loot high, having fuch like Leaves 
thereon, at the Joints where it branches forth : at 
the tops whereof J'tand Pale Tcllow Flowers, like thofe 
of the Common Avens, but fmaller, with many Tel- 
lower Threads, Jomewhat Downy in the middle. 
VII. 5. Mountain Avens of Virginia. Th A is whol- 
ly like to the Purple Avens, Jirfi deferibed in this 
Chapter, but it is taller and larger than that, almojl 
m every refpetl, and fcdrcely differing in any^ thing 
elfe and it yields flat, thin, b/ackifi Seed in Husk. 
VIII. 6. Mountain Avens, with great yellow 
Flowers. 'This has a thick, long,brownifi) round Root, 
of the bignefs of ones Linger, creeping under the 
upper Cruft of the Earth , not altogether Jo Jlringy 
as the Common, deferibed in Chap. 41. SeCt. 3. afore- 
going, but having fome fmall Fibres fhooting down- 
wards in feveral places, and Smelling and Tafling 
like to Cloves, or thefe of the firjl Common fort -, 
from whence comes forth divers winged Leaves, made 
of many fmall Leaves towards the bottom, Jlanding 
on both fides of the Rib, the end Leaves being largejl 
and whole, not divided, but fomewhat deeply dent- 
ed, or cut in on the edges, of a frefher green colour 
like wife, f of ter alfo and gentler in handling, than 
thofe of the Common Kind : from among which rife 
up flender Stalks, feldom branched, having very few 
Leaves thereon, at the Tops whereof flands ufually 
one Flower apiece, and fometimes more, made for 
the mojl part like thofe of the Common fort, confijl- 
ing of five or fix Leaves, much larger than thofe, 
and of a deeper Tellow Colour, and fometimes with a 
White Flower, as Camerarius in horto fays, tending 
to rednefs , having many Tellow Threads in the mid- 
dle, compaffing a Green Head, which ivhen the Flower 
is pa ft, increafes to be a round Head, befet zvith flat 
Seeds, not fo rough , or ready to flick to ones Cloths, 
but every one of them having a long Feather-like 
Hair or Thread at the end. The zvhole Plant, as well 
Leaves as blowers and Seed, are covered with a 
Jmall foft hairy DoWn, which is not much, or eafie 
to be difcerned , unlefs one takes good notice thereof, 
or heeds it very well. 
IX. The Places. The firjl of thefe are found by 
Water Sides in Wet or Marfh Grounds on the 
Mountains ^ in Northern Mountainous Places in 
England, as about Settle and Ingleton, &c. alfo in 
Wales, about Snowden Hill, &c. and in divers other 
places. The fecond has been found near Strickland 
magnum in Wefimvrland. The third is found in fe- 
veral of the Alpine Mountains -, and in Ireland, on 
the Mountains between Gort and Galloway. The 
fourth was found by Pena on the Rhctian Alps near 
Clatena, who at hr ft took it to be a kind of Cinque- 
foil, but by the Smell and Tafte, found it to be 
Avens .- it has been found in the Den of Bethaick 
in Scotland. The fifth grows in Virginia , Carolina, 
and other parts of Florida, and is only nourifhed 
no with us in Gardens. The fixth is found upon 
divers Mountains, as on Coronas in Bohemia, by the 
Springs of the River Albis, as Matthiulus fays, and 
upon Mount Baldus, as Pena fays, and in many 
other places. Bauhinus found it in Mount Brau- 
Hum of the Rhetians -, and Clufius on the Ridges of 
the Higheft Alps , not every where, but among!! 
Grafs arid Shrubs ^ but with us it is chiefly nourifh- 
ed up in Gardens. 
X. The Times. They Flower from the beginning 
of May, to the end of July-, and their Seed is ripe 
in Auguft, or not long after. 
XI. The Qualities. Thefe are all generally of a 
Nature, and have the fame Qualities and Virtues. 
They are hot and dry in the fecond Degree : They 
incide, attenuate, open, cleanfe, difeufs, refolve ex- 
pel Wind ^ are Aftringent, Vulnerary, and refill PoR 
fon : and are appropriated to the Head, Nerves 
Heart, Stomach, Liver, Spleen, Womb, and Joints/ 
XII. The Specification. They have a peculiar pro- 
perty in curing Wounds and Ulcers, opening all forts 
of ObftruCtions, drying up Catarrhs, and flopping 
preternatural Fluxes of the Bowels. 
XIII. The Preparations. The Shops keep nothing 
of them but you may have from their Roots 
( which are chiefly in ufe ) i.A Ponder of the Root, 
2. A Decolhon. 3. A Wine. 4. A Juice. %. An Ef- 
fence. 6 . A Spirituous Tinflure. 7. A Saline Tin- 
clure. 8. An Oily Tmtture. 9. An Ointment . 
I o. A ,Balf am. 11. A Cataplafm. 1 2. A mixture 
for callous Ulcers. 
The Virtues . 
XIV. The Virtues of all thefe Mountain Avens , 
are the fame with thofe of the Common Avens, and 
are applied to all the fame Difeafes, and differ in 
nothing but the degree of their flrength v force, or 
efficacy * for that thefe Wild or Mountain Avens , 
are much flronger than die Common Kinds, and 
operate more powerfully, fpeedily and effectually 
than they can poffibly do : and therefore, the Vir- 
tues and Ufes of the feveral Preparations afore- 
named, are the fame with thofe of the Common A- 
vens before declared in Chap. 41. Sect. 10. to Sell. 
21. to which you are referred. 
CHAP. XLIII. 
Of Common BARLEY. 
I. ' I A H E Names. It is called in Hebrew mjpto, 
J- Segnorah, Job 31. 4. and Joel 1. n.Uc. In 
Arabick, Xahaer, Shair : In Greek, KztSri ; in Latin 
Hordeum : and in Englijh, Barley. 
II. The Kinds. It is either A lanured or Wild, of 
which latter in the next Chapter. The Manured is, 
Hordeum Diftichum, Common Barley. 2. Hordeum 
Difiichum l at i us, Bear or Battledore Barley. 3. Hor- 
deum Polytlichon, Square Barley, or Winter Barley . 
4. r vfxvoxeiQcv, Galeni, Ziortv&v, Hordeum nudum 
Zeopyrum, Tritico Speltum, Naked Barley. 
III. The Defcriptions. The firjl has a Grajfy Root, 
zvith many fmall Fibres or Strings, from whence ri- 
fes up feveral Grajfy Leaves and. Stalks, fometimes 
more, fometimes lefs -, which are Jhorter and fofter 
than thofe of Wheat, and the Grajfy Leaves are alfo 
fhorter, broader and rougher , and the Stalks rife up 
to be 12, 14, 16, or 18 Inches high, according to the 
goodnefs of the Ground: at the Tops whereof comes 
forth Ears, having tzvo rows of Corn, fet in good, 
order, each inclofed in a Husk, flicking clofe to the 
Grain, and having a long rough Aune or Beard 
thereat, which is many times greater and longer than 
Wheat , and zvhiter alfo, not very eafily falling out 
of the Ear. Cordus/^yr, that this kind makes a re- 
compense for the fmallnefs of the Ear, by the num- 
ber of the. Stalks each Grain or Root produces for , 
fays 
