Chap. ioo. ‘Englifh Herbs. 
II. T he Kinds. It is the letter iort of the Burdocks , 
and lingular of the Kind. 
III. The Defcription. Jt bus a fmall Root fome- 
what long and. fibrous, and perifhing every year : 
from which Root rifes up a rough crefied Stalk , 
about two feet high , breaking out into feveral 
Branches , with many blackijh /pots upon them , with 
two much f mailer and whiter Leaves at every Joint , 
funding upon long Footjia/ks, which Leaves are 
ufually divided into three parts , fometbing like un- 
to a Marjh Mallow leaf unevenly notch'd or dented 
about the edges : at the Joints of the Stalk and 
Branches with the Leaves , towards the tops of them , 
come forth J. mall Flowers, which abide not long ■, and 
after them, two or three j mall. , clofe Burs , a little 
pointed at the top, wherein lye two or three fmall 
lank Seeds, fomewhat like unto an Oat, which fall 
not out, nor do the heads open. 
IV. The Places. It grows in many places of this 
Kingdom, as particularly in two or three places be- 
tween Tidenham and Chepftow, in the foot way ; in 
the Highway between Staves and Egham, and be- 
tween Drayton and Ivor, two Miles from Colebrook ; 
and at Southwick-Jheet in Hampfhire. 
V. The Times. It Flowers and Seeds when the 
great Burdock does ; viz. in the Summer Months, 
June , July and Auguji. 
VI. The Qualities. It is temperate as to heat and 
cold, drynefs and moifture, yet Galen will have the 
Seeds to be hot and dry, digeftive, alfo difeuflive, 
IN eurotick, Splenetick, and Hyfterick ; Alterative, 
and Alexipharmick. 
VII. The Specification. It is lingular again!! the 
pain and hardnefs of the Spleen. 
VIII. The Preparations. You may keep hereof, 
I. The Juice. 1. The EJfence. 3. The Saline Tin- 
Sure. 4. The Oily TinSure. 5. A Pouder of the 
Root. 6 . A Pouder of the Seed. 7. A Conferve of 
the Roots. 8. A Salt. 9. A DecoSion of the Roots, 
jo. A Lotion, or Wajh. 11. A Cataplafm of the 
Roots or Seeds. 
The Virtues. 
IX. All thefe Preparations have the fame Vir- 
tues, Ules, and Dofes, with thofe of the lame 
name in the Chapter of the Great Burdock, to 
which you ate referr’d ; but there are fome peculiar 
Virtues in this Plant, not obferv’d to be inherent in 
the former, for which reafon we lhall fay fomething 
more of its EJfence, DecoSion , Lotion, and Cataplafm 
in the Sections following. 
X. The EJfence. It ltrikes at the Root of the 
Leprofie, prevails againlt Faintings and Swoonings, 
opens Obftrutlions of Liver and Spleen, but more 
especially of the laft, and gives eafe in pains of the 
Hypochonders and Bowels. Dofe three or four 
fpoonfuls Morning and Evening in a Glafs of Sher- 
ry Wine. 
XI. The DecoSion. It is to be made with Wine : 
and has the Virtues of the EJfence ; it confumes 
the hardnefs of the Spleen, being taken inwardly 
Morning, Noon, and Night, to fix ounces, and as 
often bathed warm upon the part affefled. 
XII. The Lotion. It is made of the Burs , before 
they are ripe, being brttifed and laid to ft eep in Wa- 
ter, or Wine, in which a little Nitre is dijfolved, for 
twenty four hours. It difeutfes Tumors, and gives 
eafe in Pains, being bathed warm upon the parts 
affeaed. If the Hair is fometimes wafted there- 
with, it makes it become yellow. It is an excel- 
lent Gargle for a fore Mouth and Throat, taking 
away the Inflammation, and healing of it in a very 
fhort time. 
XIII. The Cataplafm. It is made of the Roots or 
Green Burs , being beaten to a Pap in a Mortar, 
and mixed with a third part of Mithridate. Being' 
applied upon hard Kernels, or Swellings in the Flelh 
( as thofe proceeding from the Kings-Evil) it is 
laid to. foften and dilfolve them : but more elpe- 
cially, if In the mean feafon, the Juice , Effence or 
DecoSion in Wine aforementioned be daily given 
inwardly two, three or four ounces at a time, and 
that Morning, Noon, and Night ; for thefe Prepa- 
rations very much fweeten the Blood and Juices ; 
and corre£I the Dficrafie of rhe Humors. 
CHAP. C. 
Of BUTTER-B U R. 
l.'T' H E Names. It is called in Greek tUmim : 
J. In Latin, Petafites ; ( from the largenels of 
the Leaf, it being large like ni mm , a Hat : ) foma 
take it to be Theophrajli, and fome to be Per- 
folata Plinij : In Englijh it is called alfo Petafites , 
and Butter-Bur ; The Germans call it Pejlilence- 
wort, or Plague-wort. 
II. The Kinds. It is of two forts, a Greater, 
and a LeJJ'er, and differing alfo in the Flowers ; 
but fo very like one another, that one Defcrintion 
will ferve fot both. Camerarius calls the more 
common Mas , the other Lamina : but in his Epito- 
me of Matthiolus, he calls the Greater, Tujjilago 
major, for that fome will have it to be a kind of 
Coltsfoot. 
III. The Defcription. It hat a long Root and 
thick , Spreading tender ground , blackijh on the out- 
fide , and whitijh within , oftentimes Worm eaten , 
and of d bitter and_ unpleafant tafte : It Springs up 
very early in the Tear , with a thick Stalk about a 
foot high , on which are Jet a few fmall Leaves , or 
rather 
