Chap. 
1 07. 
to 
and ftops the Flux of Humors * and being drank 
trom two ounces ro four, it breaks or wattes the 
Stone in the Reins, expelling Sand, Gravel, and 
1 'artarous Humors ^ and ftops all forts qf Fluxes of 
the Bowels. 
X. The Ejfence. It has all the fame Virtues, and 
the more pleafant Medicine to take. It cures fore 
Eyes, being dropt into them, and abating the In- 
flammation, takes away the Blood-fhot. If it is 
drank to two or three ounces in Wine, it prevails 
again!! the poifon of the Viper, and the bitings of 
ocher Venomous Beafts. 
XL The Te coition. It has the Virtues cf the Juice 
and Eflence, but not all out fo powerful : It may 
ferve as a good Vehicle to convey the Pouder of the 
Root in. 
XII. The Pouder of the Root. It ftops Fluxes of 
the Belly, and binds it : given to two drams, it is 
good again!! the biting of Vipers •, confumes Nodes 
and Kernels in the Neck, or other Parts, and in a 
good meafure llrengthens the Stomach. 
XIII. The Collyrium. It is made of the Juice or 
EiTence made into a thin Syrup with Honey. This 
put into the Eye three or four times a day, ftops 
fluxions of Humors into the Part, cools and takes 
away the Inflammation, and heals Sores or Ulcers 
therein. 
XIV. The Calaplafm of the heaves. It is good 
again!! a hot Gout, repercuffes the flux of Humors, 
hinders Apoftems, and difcutfes Swellings in the 
Legs, or other parts of the Body. 
XV. The Lotion. It is made of the DecoUion in 
Wine, in a quart of which. Honey three ounces, 
and Roch Allum half an ounce, is diflolved. It is 
made to heal corrupt Sores and Ulcers of the Mouth, 
Throat, and Gums and to cleanfe Fiftula’s, as alfo 
Apoftems newly broke, or opened, by injefling it 
with a Syringe. 
XVI. The Seed or fruit. It is Alexipharmick ; 
Galen and Pliny fay, that th e Thracians, who dwelt 
near the River Stirmon , lived themfelves of the 
Fruit or Kernels, making them into- a fweet and 
fine kind of Bread, which fcmething bound up the 
Belly : And that with the Herb they fed their Horfes. 
But this making Bread of the Kernels is affirmed by 
fome, to be only meant of the Fruit of the Water 
Caltrop , following. 
CHAP. CVII. 
CALTROP, Water. 
I. ' I ' II E Karnes. It is called in Greek TViSoAo©- 
1 : in Latin , Tribulus aquaticus , Tri- 
hu/us marinus , and by Cordus , Lacuftrts : in Englifh , 
Water Caltrop \ Saligot , and Water Nuts. 
II. The Kinds. There are two forts of Water 
Caltrops. 1. The Greater Water Caltrops. 2. The 
Leffer Water Caltrop: And of the Leffer there are 
alio two Kinds, viz. The former and the latter. 
The Greater Water Caltrop , is called in Latin, 
Tribulus Aquaticus major : Tribulus Aquatilis , and 
Caftan ex aquatiles. The leffer forts are called by 
Ciufius , Tribulus aquation r minor and diftinguiffied 
by him, the former of which he calls, Tribulus 
aquaticus minor prior •, and the latter, Tribulus aqua- 
ticus minor alter. 
III. The Defcription. The Greater Water' Cal- 
trop has a Root which grows fomewhat long , and 
full of Joints , with a Tuft of Hairs or fibres at 
each of them, from the head oj this Root lying un- 
der Water , rife up feveral long ftender fool folks. 
Herbs. 145 
which riflng jrom the bottom of the Water , mount 
above the Jame -, at the top of each of which, there 
are broad , and more than half round Leaves, in fome 
places Spotted on the under fide, and dented about 
the Edges. The footftalks on which thefe Leaves 
find, are f mailer at the lower end next the Root , 
than they are at top of the Water next to the Leaves •* 
Among thefe Leaves rife up fappy round Stalks, no 
higher than the Leaves, bearing whit if? flowers at 
the Tops. After which come thick, hard, and Woody , 
almoll round heads, with three or four fbarp pricks 
or points flicking out, of the bignefs of Hafte j\uts i 
and blackifh in fome places : fome of them are en- 
large as great Walnuts, having a Jwcet white Kernel 
within , which is not much unlike to a Chef nut. This 
bruit, with its outward Husk, or Shell, is hard, tri L 
angled, Jharp point e l and prickly, in fhape almoftt like 
to thofe things called Caltrops, zohich in War they 
caft in the way of the Enemy , to annoy the feet of 
their Horfes, and jrom whence this Plant took its 
name. The Kernel is tafted almoft like a Che ft nut, 
and are ufually eaten green : A nd being dried, they 
are ground to pouder, and fo ferve to make Bread 
of 
IV. The former leffer Caltrop, the whole Plant , 
is commonly covered over with Water, having very 
long, J. lender , creeping Roots, from whofe feveral 
Parts or Joints come forth divers Tujts of Jmall 
fibres or Strings, zohich take hold of the A\ud. 
from this Root, at the lower Joints thereof come 
forth thin, flat, knotty Stalks, of a reddijh color , 
three, four, or jive feet long, or longer, according to 
the depth of the Water in which it grows -, zohich 
being ary, are pliant, and flexible, and jit for many 
occaflons. They are divided tozvards the Top, into 
many Parts or Branches, carrying jingle Leaves at 
the lower Joints, on both fldes, being about tzvo Inches 
long, and half an Inch broad, thin, and almoft t ran ft 
parent, or as it were Jhining : fo waved, wrinkled , 
or crumpled on the Edges, that they Jeem to be tor n^ 
and for the moft part of a reddijh green color. The fool - 
ft alks are fomewhat long and thick, and rife up from 
among thoj'e Leaves, which always grew two, one op- 
poflle againft another , in a contrary manner to thofe 
which grow below on the Stalk, from the Joints 
V with 
