0^0 
Salmons 
tl. 
Lib. I 
two high, with feveral Joints , and two Leaves fund- 
ing at each Joint , narrow and long. Likcwije from 
the fame Root , at its firjl coming forth out of the 
ground , many Leaves , /<W7£, narrow , and round point- 
ed ', of a whitifh green color , jp ring forth, which grow 
cloj'e upon the ground , which live all the Winter , 
and from among which , 7« the beginning oj the Spring, 
( if it is fotnn in Autumn, as is ufual, when it is 
to ferve jor an early Sallet ) feveral fmall, round 
Stalks rife up, branching forth at the top, and bear- 
ing Tujts of fmall black blew blowers, ( but Dodo- 
naus Jay, they are very fmall white Flowers, clofely 
eompail together : ) Thefe 'Lifts of white Flowers 
are broad, but the Flowers the mf elves are very fmall, 
fo that they can fcarcely be known to be Flowers, 
J'aoing that they grow many together, like a Tuft or 
Umble. 
IV. The Places. This Herb grows Wild in Corn- 
Fields : (whence the Name ) but fince it has grown 
into ufe amongft us for Salletting, it is alfo Town 
in Gardens for a Sallet Herb. 
V. The Times. It is found Green all Winter and 
Summer : and runs up to Flower and Seed in March, 
April, and May. 
VI. The Qualities. It is Temperate in refpeU of 
heat or cold ^ and moift in the firlt Degree. It is 
Emollient, Hepatick, Alterative, and Galattoge- 
netick. 
VII. As to the Specification, Lreparations,Virtues 
and Vfes of this Herb, Authors have been filent. 
It is doubtlefs an innocent Plant, and plealant to 
be eaten : for which reafon it is ufed as a Winter 
Sallet, at leaft wife very early in the Spring j for 
which purpofe it is drefs’d up to the Table as 
Garden Lettices are, with Salt, Vinegar, and Oil, 
and fometimes with Sugar alfo, as the Eater belt 
likes. 
CHAP. CL VI. 
Flowers fomewhat like unto Tanfie Flowers, but 
lejfer -, which afterwards are the Heads which con- 
tain the Seed, which is fmall, flat, and long : Theje 
Flowers being gathered before they be ripe , keep 
their color and beauty a pretty while without 1 Wi- 
thering j and the zoho/e Plant is of a very pie aj ant 
Smell and Tafie, and very agreeable with the Sto- 
mach. 
Of COSTMARY, 
I. Hp H E Names. It feems not to have any 
JL Greek Name : but the Latins call it Co- 
fus hortorum major : fome call it Balfamita major , 
Mentha Grxca, Mentha Romana, Mentha Coiymbi- 
fera major, Mentha Saracenica ■, by Gefner, in Hor- 
t/s , Oviarta : by Ccefalpinus, Herb a Maria • and 
Lajfulata by others : In Englifh , CoJhnary , or Alc- 
eoaji. 
II. The Kinds. Of the Cofus hortorum , there are 
two K inds, vie. i . The Greater, which is Cofhnary, 
of which in this Chapter. 2. The Lejfer , which 
is Maudlin, of which in its place, in fome one of 
the following Chapters of this Book : Many Au- 
thors join thefe two Plants together in one Chap- 
ter, making them as two Species under one Genus : 
But in my Opinion, notwithfhmding the Unity or 
Samenefs of the Latin Name, they are truly two 
differing Herbs. 
III. The Defcription. Coftmary hem a Root which 
is fomewhat hard, and very full of Strings, which 
being divided with the Heads of Leaves, may be re- 
planted in the Spring time for encreafe. From this 
Root fpring forth many broad and long pale green 
Leaves, dented, or cut a little about the Edges, eve- 
ry one funding upon a long Footfalk -, among which 
rife up many round green Stalks, with fuel ) like 
Leaves thereon , but lejfer up towards the top, where 
it Jprcads into three , four, or more Branches, every 
one bearing an Umble or fca/y Tuft of gold yellow 
IV. The Places. It grows almoft every where 
in Gardens, and is nurs’d up with us for the l'weec 
Smelling of its flowers and Leaves. But in Italy 
it has been found to grow naturally Wild in rough 
and untilled places, elpecially in the Duke of Tuf- 
canfs Dominions. 
V. The Times. It Flowers in June and July, and 
the Seed is ripe fome time after. 
VI. The Vitalities. It is hot and dry in the end 
of the fecond Degree. It is Aperitive, Abfterfive, 
Carminative, Digeftive, Difcuffive, Diuretick, Trau- 
matick or Vulnerary j it is all'o Cephalick, Neuro- 
tick, Stomatick, Cordial, Nephritick, and Hyfte- 
rick •, Alexipharmick, and Analeptick. 
VII. The Specification. It is lingular in curing all 
forts of Green Wounds. 
VIII. The Preparations. You may prepare there- 
from, 1. A liquid Juice. 2. An EJJence. 3. An 
Infufion or Decoffion. 4. A Ponder. 5. An Oil 
by Inflation. 6. An Ointment. 7. A Balfam. 8. A 
Cataplafm. 9. A Spirituous Tintture. 10. An Acid 
Tintlure. 1 1. An Oily Tintfure. 12. A Saline 
Tintture. 13. A Spirit. 14. An Oil Dijiilled. 
15. Potefates or Powers. 16. An Elixir. 17. A 
Fixed Salt. 
The Virtues. 
IX. The liquid Juice of the Herb. It provokes 
Urine mightily, by opening ObltruUions of the 
Urinary Parts j and by inje&ion takes away the 
hardnefs of the Womb, if it be not Cancerous: 
It gently evacuates Choler and Flegm, attenuates 
that 
