Oil 3 .p. 2-^2... 'Engl ijb Herbs. 3 29 
ior fome Ages it has rot been known to grow 
there at all; ’tis poflible, that lor fome Years pall 
it may have been neglefled and difufed yet I am 
apt to believe, if good (earch vbas made tor it there, 
bv ind’iilrious and skilful Botanilts, it might be 
found again. It grows in a vult plenty in Carolina , 
it being a great part of the Food of the Country, 
infomuch as molt Families in that Colony plant 
whole Fields with it, confiding of many Acres, tor 
the principal and almott l'ole Subliftance of their Fa- 
milies, it being there of a very great Encreale. 
V. T be Times. It comes up from the planted 
bits in the Spring time, and the Roots come to their 
Perfeftion in July, Auguft, September and OOober , 
proportionally according to the times they were 
planted in. It Flowers (when it is of Age, lb as to 
come to the Perihelion of Flowering) with its Hole 
and Pellels or Clappers very lace, even in warm 
Countries, feldom before Oilober or A member, and 
yet the Fruit or Berries do not often come to Per- 
feftion. 
VI. The Qualities. The Root ( for nothing elfe 
of this Plant is ufed) is' hot and dry in the end of 
the third Degtee: it is Aperitive, Ablterfive, Inci- 
ding, Digeltive, Difculhve and Carminative, Stoma 
tick, Peftoral, Hyllerick and Arthritick ; Alexiphar- 
mick, Chylilick and Analeptick : it is very lharp 
and biting ill the Mouth, not to be tailed of with- 
out Caution ; yet it is more biting in fome Coun- 
tries. 
VII. The Specification , Preparations and Virtues , 
are the lame in every Kefpetl with thofe of Aron or 
Wake Robin Roots in Chap. . iollowing of this 
Work, fo that 1 need fay no more thereof in this 
place ; this Plant being indeed a kind of Aron or 
Wake Robin. 
VIII. AnObfervation. In Carolina they boil them 
in Water till they are foft, then they eat them with 
Butter, Vinegar, Salt and Pepper ; they are incom- 
parable Food, and the very bell of all Roots in the 
World which are eaten boiled : they are grateful to 
the Palate, pleafing to the Stomach, very Nutritive 
and Reltorative in Confumptions : but in the boiling 
of them, you mull be lure to do it fo well as to 
take away all the biting Quality of them ; left, be- 
ing hot and biting in .the Throat, they Ihould caufe 
an Inflammation in thofe Parts, and alfo difoblige 
the Stomach. 
IX. Obferuat. i. In that Country, when I was 
there, they made the greateft part of their Bread of 
the Roots boiled foft, by mixing therewith fine 
Flower of Maize or Indian Wheat , and kneading it 
in with their Hands. It made wholfome , good- 
tailed Bread, which was very nourifliing, and which 
would keep moift a great deal longer than that 
which was made of Maize or Wheat alone. 
X. Obfervat. 3 . Of the boiled Root a Sanguis 
or Blood may be made, as you make it of Comjrey , 
Orchis , Satyrion and Turf nap Roots, which not on- 
ly nourilhes much and rdteres in Confumptions, 
but alfo breeds Seed, and cures Impotency in Men. 
CHAP. CCXLII. 
Of ELDER Dwarf. 
I. ' I ' H E Names. It is called in Greek , ’Xa.ucuctx.Tn : 
JL in Lat in, Cbamaaffe, Ebulus , Sambucus hu- 
milk and in Englijh , Dwarf Elder, Dane -wort, 
and Wall-wort . 
1J. 1 he Kinds, it is twofold, v/z. i. Ebulus, 
Sambucus humilk vulgar it. The common Dwarf 
Elder, Wall-wort cr Dane- wort. 2. Ebulus joins 
iacimatis , Jagged Dwarf Eider, or Wall- wort. 
III. The Defcriptions. The flrft, or Common 
Dane-wort, h.v a Root which creeps under the upper 
Crujf of the Ground, Springs up ajrefh in divers 
places , being of the Eigne/s of a Man s linger or 
Thumb', it ps lough, and of a good rrijonablc Length, 
having a very great many Branches and f ibres Jp> ing - 
ing from it, being more excellent Jor Medical L Jes 
than the Leaves. From this Root rijes up a jour - , 
Square, rough , hairy Stalk, which is jull of Joints,' 
like to young Branches and Shoots of Elder, and ri- 
ling to be four or five feet high. The [.eaves are 
winged, and grow by couples, with wide Diftances, 
each Leaf confiding of many Email Leaves, fome- 
what narrower than the Elder-tree Leaves, but clfe 
fo like, that they might eafily deceive one not very 
well vers’d in the Plants: thefe Leaves Hand upon 
a thick ribbed Stalk, of which every one is long, 
with a fit Breadth, and finely cut in on the edges, 
like a Saw, yet the Dents are wider and greater 
than in the Leaves of the Common Elder. At the 
tops of the Stalks grow Tufts or Umbles of white 
Flowers, dafht ortipt with red ^ they grow in Um- 
bles, very like thofe of the Elder-tree , hut more 
iweet in Smell, with five little Chives in them, 
pointed with black : which being pafs’d away, black 
Berries fucceed, very like Common Elder Berries, 
full of a red Juice whilft they are frefh, and in 
which are contained Email, hard, long Kernels or 
Seed. This Plant is very like to Elder in Leaves, 
fpoky Tufts and Berries, but has not a woody Stalk, 
but only brings forth green herby Stalks, which wi- 
ther away in Winter, rifing again eveiy Spring from 
the old Root ^ but it is doubulefs a kind or Elder, 
as may appear by the Leaves, blowers and Fuiiu, as 
alfo by the Smell and Talfe $ in all which Particu- 
lars, this is very like to that. 
IV. The fecond, or Jagged Dwarf Elder, has a 
Root like to the jormer, very jull oj Branches and 
Fibres , from which Spring up Stalks hie the other 
alfo, and indeed in all things, except. ng in the 
U u Leaves, 
