Salmon s ‘Herbal. 
Lib. I. 
the Root is of a firm or fiat fibfiance, yet not woody , 
but r tie to cut. From this Root rile up feveral tlag- 
gv Leaves, like unto the Water blag? or blower -de- 
luce in the following Chapter, but narrower, and 
two or three Feet in length, of a frelh green Color, 
and Aromatick Smell ^ yet fometimes they are brown- 
ilh at bottom, the one Leaf growing out of the fide 
of the other, after the lame manner that other Flags 
or Flower-de-luces grow , which are thin on both 
fides, and riged or thick in the midft, the longeft 
for the molt part Handing in the midft, and fome of 
them curled or plaited towards the ends or tops of 
them, Fuelling very fweet as well when they are 
dry, and kept a long time, as when they are frelh 
and’ green. Thefe Leaves abide a long time in the 
Garden, as tho’ they never did, or never would bear 
any Flowers, they every Year dying down to the 
Ground, and (hooting out frelh every Springs but 
after two, three., or four Years continuance in a 
place without removing, it flioots forth Leaves as 
formerly , (but no Stalk , as other Flags or Flower- 
de-luces do) befides which it Ihoots forth a long nar- 
row Leaf by it felf, flat, like unto the other Leaves, 
elpecialiy from the middle thereof upwards ^ but 
from the laid middle downwards it is thicker, nar- 
rower, and rounder, or rather almoft triangular. 
From the middle of this lone Leaf comes forth one 
long round Head, very feldom two, in form and 
bignefs like almoft unto the Aglet or Catkin of the 
Halle Nut Tree-, it grows upright, an Inch and half, 
two Inches, or more in length, as thick as a large 
Reed, or ones little Finger, fet with feveral fmall 
Lines and Divifions , like unto a green Fine Apple , 
and lor the molt part of a Purplilh Green Color , 
or as Gerard fays, of a Greenilh Yellow Color, cu- 
rioufiy Chequered, as if it were Wrought with a 
Needle, with green and yellow Silk intermix^ out 
of its Bunches fmall pale whitilh Flowers (hoot 
forth, confuting of four fmall Leaves apiece, (with- 
out any great fmell) which quickly fall away, with- 
out giving any Seed, fo far as any Author has ob- 
ierved. 
IV. The Places. It is a Foreigner, and grows with 
us only in Gardens, but bears very rarely its Tuft or 
Head in our cold Country, for which reafon fome 
have laid that it is barren , but that doubtlefs is a 
miftake, for Clufws fays that he had feen it bear its 
Flower or Head in that place where it grows natu- 
rally , tho’ in England it fometimes may be barren. 
Its Native places are in feveral parts of Turkey , 
where it grows in moift Grounds, and in fuch like 
places it flourifhes with us , where are found the 
largeft Roots , the faireft , firmeft , whiteft , and 
fweeteft, which being dryed are a little fhrivelled. 
It grows in Candia , as Pliny fays, as alfo in Galatia , 
and other adjacent places, and naturally at the Foot 
of a Hill near to Prufii^ a City of Bithynia , not far 
from a great Lake. It alfo grows in great plenty 
in fome parts of Ruflia, but its Roots when dryed 
are more lank or fmall, not fo firm nor white, nor 
of fo choice an Aromatick Smell. 
V. The Times. It fprings up with its Leaves in 
Alarck and Aprils and bears its Catkin (in thofe 
Countries where it does bear, or is not barren) in the 
beginning or middle of July and Aitgufi. Johnfon 
upon Gerard fays, that in May 1632. he received the 
fulus or Catkin from Mr. Thonuu Glynn , of Glynn- 
thivon , in Carnarvonfhire , from which it is mani- 
felt, that with careful looking after, it may with 
us be made to bear its Head of Flowers ; yet here 
about London , tho’ it grows well, and in great plen- 
ty in many Gardens, it has l'carcely ever been feen 
to bring forth any thing of that kind. 
VI. The 'Qualities. It is hot and dry in the fe- 
cond degree. Aperitive, Abfterfive, Aftringent, Car- 
minative, Diuretick, Cephalick, Neurotick, Stoma- 
tick, Cordial, Sudorifick, and Alexipharmick. 
VII. The Specification. It is a peculiar thing a- 
gainft Poylbn, the Plague, and all contagious Dif- 
eafes. 
VIII. The Preparations. The Root is only of ufe, 
and you may have therefrom, 1. A Liquid Juice. 
2. An E [fence. 3. An lnfufwn in Wine. 4. A De- 
coction in Wine. 7. A Pouder. 6 . A Cataplafm. 
7. A Spirituous Tinffure. 8. An Acid Tinffure. 
9 - An Oily Tinffure. 10. A Spirit, n. A Chy- 
mical Oil. 12. Potejiates or Powers. 13. An Elix- 
ir. 14. A Colly rium. 15. A Preferve. 16. A 
Syrup. 
The Virtues. 
IX. The Liquid Juice. Taken to a Spoonful or 
two in a Glafs of Generous Wine it provokes Urine, 
eafes Pains and Stitches of the Sides, and prevails 
againft the Bitings of Mad Dogs, and other Venom- 
ous Creatures, but it ought often to be repeated, at 
due intervals of time. 
X. The EJfence. It has the Virtues of the Juice, 
and eafes pains of the Stomach and Bowels, eafes 
the Colick, and Gripings of the Guts, prevails againft 
Convulfions ^ and is an Antidote againft all forts of 
Poyfon, and the InfeUion of the Plague it felf-, and 
is a finguiar good thing to help a ltinking Breath : 
it is alfo commended as an excellent thing againft: 
Ruptures or Burftennefs. Dole one Spoonful , or 
more, Morning and Night, in a Glafs of Generous 
Wine, or fome other fit Vehicle. 
XI. TJje lnfufion in Wine. It has the Virtues of 
the Juice and Eflence, but not all out fo powerful * 
it waftes the Spleen, helps thofe who have the Stran- 
gury, and frees thofe from danger who are Bitten 
by any Venomous Serpent: it warms and comforts 
the Stomach , and caufes a good Appetite and Di- 
geftion ; expels Wind, drys up Rheums, and clears 
the Sight. Dofe five or fix Ounces Morning and 
Night. 
XII. The Deco ff ion in Wine. It has the Virtues 
of the lnfufion, and being mixed with a little Worm- 
wood Wine, and lo drunk, it is of good ufe to com- 
fort and ftrengthen a cold and weak Stomach. 
XIII. The Pouder. It is given to one Dram in 
the Morning falling, and laft at Night going to Bed, 
in a Glafs of the lnfufion, againft Poyfon, the Bi- 
tings of Mad Dogs, or other Venomous Creatures, 
to prevent, and alio to cure the Infeftion of the 
Plague, or any Peftilential Difeafe ^ it comforts a 
cold and weak Stomach, reftoring the Tone thereof 
where depraved or hurt , and has all the Virtues of 
the Eflence and the other Preparations aforenamed : 
it heals alfo inward Bruifes. 
XIV. The Cataplafm. The Root being boiled in 
Wine to foftnefs, ftamped, and then applied as a 
Cataplafm to the Tefticles, it wonderfully abates 
their Swelling, difculfingall hardnefs and colle&ions 
of Humors: it alfo mollifies hard Tumors in any o- 
ther part of the Body. 
XV. The Spirituous Tinffure. It is good againft 
Coldnefs, pains and weaknefs of the Head , Brain, 
and Nerves, ftrengthens the Sight, Hops Defluxions 
of Rheum into the Fyes, and is excellent againft the 
Megrim from a cold Caufe, Vertigo, Carus, Lethar- 
gy, Pallie, Convulfions, and other like Difaffefli- 
ons of the Nerves, Brain, and Womb* it warms 
anc 1 ftrengthens the Stomach , caufes a good Appe- 
tite, expels Wind, and gives eafe in Cramps, Gri- 
pings of the Bowels, Colicks , and the Difeafe cal- 
led Tenafmus. Dole half a Spoonful in a Glafs of 
Wine Morning, Noon, and Night. 
XVI. The 
