*"? A 
3 J T 
Salmons 
y 0 Authors fay, that this I/«fw Henbane is as 
effedual and admirable a Wound Herb, as any ot 
thofe the molt admired. 
Herbal . Lib. 1. 
every Joint Jland two fmall , long , and narrow wbi- 
tifh green Leaves , feme thing hairy. At the tops of 
the Stalks and Branches, ltand feveral fmall, Ihort, 
fcaly or chaffy Heads, out of which come forth, 
fmall whitifh, yellow Threads, fuch as Plantane 
Heads do give, which are the bloomings of flowers. 
The Seed is enclofed in thofe Heads, and is fmall. 
CHAP. CCLXXVI. 
Of FLEAWORT. 
I rrs H jr frames. It is called in Arahck Hazara 
1 Calbma, Bezer Cotbume : in Greek ■'*'“*«« : 
in Latin Pfyllmm , Pulicaria, & Pulicam herba : 
in Enehfh Heamrt. This Name is given to it, 
not beca'ufe when it is brought green into the Houfe, 
that it drives away fleas--, but becaufethe Seed there- 
of is very like to them. 
II. The Kinds. Authors make four kinds ot this 
Plant ■ but becaufe feldom more than three come m 
our hands, we (hall only deferibe them, i . The firft 
of thefe is called ti>Mn **»>», Pfyllium Vulgare , 
Pulicaria Vulgaris , Cynops Theopkrafti, Common 
or ordinary Fleawort. 2.. Pfyllmm majmfemperVi- 
rens Pfyllium alterum Gejnen ; Pfyllmm perenne 
Gefneri & Camerarif Pfyllium Plimanum jorte 
majus radice perenne Labelii ; The great evergreen 
Fleawort. 3. ffylhum Indicutn Joins C? enatis, LJyl- 
lium Americanism , vel floridianum foliis crenatis 
The Indian or American Fleawort with dented 
Leaves. This is ffylhum primum Anguillare, and 
the ffylhum. verum Diofcondis as Bauhinus thinks. 
III. The Defcriptions. The Jirft , or Common 
Fleawort, has a Root which is not long , but white ', 
hard and Woody, perijhing every Tear , and rajfing it 
felf again of its own Seed for many Tears , if it is 
buffered to Jhed it. from this Root comes forth a 
Stalk about two feet high or more , full of Joints , 
an l fpreading it felf out on all fides into many 
branches , almoft from the bottom to the top-, and at 
and Ihining whilft it is frefh, very like unto Fleas, 
both for its color and bignefs, ( from whence came 
the Name ) but turning, black when it is old. The 
whole Plant is fomewhat whitifh, and hairy fmel- 
ling a little like Rofin. 
IV. The fecond , or Great evergreen Fleawort, 
hem a long , hard and Woody Root , which perijhes not , 
but lives in Winter , keeping its Leaves Green all 
that Seafon , whence came its Epithite of femper vi- 
rens, or never dying. From this Root fpring forth 
leveral long and tough Branches, of a Woody fub- 
ltance like the former, but that they, as alfo their 
Branches are fomewhat greater, longer, and harder, 
and do a little more bow down to the Ground. 
The Leaves which grows forth at the joints, refem- 
ble the former, but are much longer and much nar- 
rower. At the tops of the Stalks and Branches, and at 
the Joints come forth chaffy Tufts, Handing upon 
long foot-ftalks, which are very like to the Ear of the 
Alpifti fhalaris , or Canary Seed •, in which Heads or 
Tufts is contained the Seed, which is like the former. 
V. The third , or American Fleawort, hm a long 
Woody -Root with fome f ibres adjoining , which fends 
forth a Woody , reddifh , rough Stalk , next to the 
Ground , growing to be about a foot high , andfpread- 
ing it felf out into divers Branches. The Leaves 
ftand at the joints thereof, and are fomewhat long, 
narrow pointed at the end, and a little dented in, 
or rather torn on the edges, and hairy alfo like the 
former. The tops of the Branches are more ftored 
with Heads than the former, but of the fame big- 
nefs and falhion, with Flowers growing in the 
fame manner, containing within them Ihining Seed 
like to the others. 
VI. The f laces. The firfl grows in Italy and 
Spain , in Fields, and unfilled places, but with us 
only in Gardens. The fecond grows plentifully in 
Fields, near the Sea-fhoar or Coaft, as alfo in many 
of our Gardens. The third is a native of the In- 
dies , and has been found growing in florida , and in 
the Southern parts of Carolina : From fome parts 
of which Continent it was brought into the Euro- 
pean parts of the World. 
VII. The Times. They all flower with us in 
June and July, but in their native places all the 
Summer long. 
VIII. Ihe Qualities. The Seed of thefe Plants 
is tha*t which is chiefly ufed in Medicine, and that 
both Galen and Serapio fay, is cold in the fecond 
Degree, but temperate in refpeft to moifture or 
drynefs. It is Emollient, Lubrificative, Anodyne, 
Peftoral, and a little Cathartick. Some Authors 
have written that the frequent inward ufe of this 
Seed is very dangerous, but it is no otherwife true, 
than as it falls out in other great cooling Herbs, as 
Houjleek , Henbane, Lettice, Nightjhade , and the 
like, which are all fafe enough, if Wifely and 
fittily applied : but Ignorance, Rafhnels, and In- 
diferetion, in the application of Medicaments, has 
oftentimes done harm, and brought diferedit to thofe 
Medicaments which ( having been free from any 
dangerous effefts ) were in all appearance to Wife 
Phvficians of the greateft Ufe in the Art of Medi- 
cine : The fame is to be faid in the ufes of this 
Plant, as to its Virtues and EfFefts. It is an excel- 
lent thing, and without any evil Qualities, if 
applied and ufed by a Wife and skilful Phyfi- 
cian. 
IX. The 
