396 
Salmon s Herbal. Lib. L 
III. The Defcriptions. The JirJf , or greater Male 
Fool-Hones, has a double round Tuberous Root like 
a fair of Man's Jlones, from whence rife up five 
or fix broad and fmooth long Leaves , like to thofe of 
Lillies , having black Spots on their upper fides. 
The Stalk alfo has fome thereon, which compafs 
it at bottom, but fmaller : The Flowers grow in a 
Spike, which are fmall and purple, each oi them 
having an open hood, or helmet higheft, with two 
fmall Leaves like Ears, Handing upright at thefides 
of them ; the Belly which is lowell is whiter, ha- 
ving on the backfide a crooked heel or Horn. The 
whole Flower is Sweet, and very pleafant to be- 
hold. 
IV. Tbefecond,or Other Fool-ftones with fpotted 
Leaves, has teflicles like the other , but notfo large , 
nor fo round, from which fpring up five, fix, or more 
Leaves, not altogether Jo large as the former, but 
lying on the Ground, andfpotteiin the fame manner, 
lut Jomewhat rounder pointed. The Stalk of this 
grows bigger than the other ; and the Flowers are 
not unlike the fame for the form, but of a more 
blewifli purple color, with a fpur behind. 
V. The third, or Male Fool-ftones not fpotted, 
has a pair of Teflicles like thofe beforegoing, from 
whence fpring up a Stalk and Leaves which are large , 
and very like the lift, but not fpotted. The Flow- 
ers are either of a deeper, or of a paler purple 
lor, or fomewhat Blufli, or altogether White. The 
Belly which hangs down, is : fometimes fpotted with 
purple Spots, and fometimes it has none, more 
elpecially in thefe Flowers which are all White. 
VI. The fourth, or FemaleFool-ftones, has a dou- 
ble Tefticulous Root, from whence f firing up fix or 
/even Leaves, which are leffer and narrower than 
thofe of the Male kind, and Ribbed almoft like unto 
Ribwort Plant ane, lying on the Ground, and fome 
of them lifting themfelves up higher, encompaf- 
ling the Stalk, which is (horter than thofe of the 
Male fort. The Flowers at top of the Stalk, 
have gaping or open hoods like the former, but 
the Ears on each fide Hand not upright, but lie 
fo clofe thereon, that they are hardly difeerned, 
with a heel behind them as the others have. This 
is either of a dark Violet purple color, the middle 
part whiter and fpotted, or of a pale Red, whofe 
Stalk is (hotter, and Leaves leffer, or elfe of a fear- 
let Red -, the fcarlet Head being thick and (hort, and 
the Flowers fmaller. 
VII. The fifth, or Small Fool-ftones with fpot- 
ted Leaves, has a double Tefticulous Root like the 
others, from whence fpring up two or three fmall, 
long fpotted Leaves, with a Stalk in the middle of 
them, which they feem to encompafs, thofe up 
higher being much fmaller than they. The Flow- 
ers are purple, fpotted, and very finely ftriped. 
VIII. The fixth, wMale Neapolitan Fool-ftones, 
has a pair of Teflicles which are round, but much 
longer than the other kinds , from which fpring up 
fix, feven or more Leaves, the length of ones Hand, 
and an Inch broad, of a pale frejh green Color, 
waved about the edges, and at their bottoms cncom- 
pajfing the Stalk. The Stalk is about a Foot high, 
more or lefs, and at its top has a fpiked bufh of 
Flowers, which are Red before they open, and of a 
fair blulh color being blown. They are in form 
like to the others before the hood or helmet opens ; 
having fmall Leaves like Ears on the fides, with 
fhort Arms as it were hanging down by the Body, 
the lower parts of which are furniiht as it were 
wirh Thighs and Legs, the Feet being cut off : 
From this form of the Flowers being fo much in 
the (hape of a Man, came the Name Anthropo- 
phora. 
IX. Of this 1 aft fort there is alfo a Female kind. 
which has a like Root and Stalk , five that it is high- 
er. The Leaves are larger but not broader than the 
laft, fpread on the Ground, with fome fmaller on 
the Stalk. The fpike of Flowers is not fo great, 
nor fo thick -, but the Flower it felf is like the laft 
in (hape, but of a pale color, fpotted very thick, 
as fmall as Sand, having the hood greenifh with 
purple edges. 
X. The P laces. The firft five grow for the moll 
part in Fields, and by Wood fides in many places 
of England-, but the two laft are Natives of Italy: 
however they are all of them nurft up here with us 
in Gardens. 
XI. The Times. The all flower in May , as the 
reft of the Orchides do. 
XII. The Qualities , Specification, Preparations , 
aniVirtues , are the fame with thole of Cynof orchis 
or Dog-ftones in Chap. 226. aforegoing, to which 
we (hall refer you. 
CHAP. CCXCVIH. 
Of FOX STONES. 
T 
H E Names. This Plant is called in Greek 
'°e^f 2s£5«Trccf, in Latin Orchis Serapias , , Te- 
fticulus Vulpinus , and in Enghjh Fi?* Stones. 
II. T he Kinds. There are many forts of Fox 
Stones , as I. Orchis Serapias Bifolia latijjima , The 
greateft Twablade Fox Stones. 2. Orchis Serapias 
latifolia altera , Hungarian Twablade Fox Stones. 
3. Orchis Sphegodes major , The great Bumble Bee 
Orchis or Fox Stones. 4. Orchis Myodes major , 
The greater Flefh Fly Flower. $. Orchis Batrachi - 
tes, Frog Orchis or Frog Flower. 6 . Orchis A- 
rachnitis , The Spider Flower. 7. Orchis P/ycodes 
Herbacei colons , The green Butterfly Orchis. 8. Or- 
chis Qrnithophora folio maculofo , The White or Pur- 
ple Birds Flower. 9. Orchis Macropbyllos Column 
Long Leav’d Fox Stones of Columna. There are 
many other Kinds of Fox Stones , but thefe are the 
chief. 
III. The Defcriptions. The firft , or Greateft 
Twablade Fox Stones, has Roots or Teflicles which 
are great and fomewhat long , like unto longijh Tur- 
nepSj from whence two very large Leaves only fpring 
up, not much lefs than thofe of the White Hellebor , 
with feveral Veins running through them, green on 
the upper fide and paler underneath , but Alining 
withal •, the Stalk riles to be a Foot and half high, 
five fquare, with a few Leaves or Skins thereon, 
doling it as it were about the Flowers grow in a 
fpiked Head, like unto others, but great and large, 
being either Purple, fpotted with White, or wholly 
White. 
IV. The fecondpr Hungarian Twablade Fox Stones, 
this in its Roots , Stalks , Leaves , and Flower , is ve- 
ry like the former, but fomewhat lower,- and letter, 
both in Leaves, Stalks, and Flowers, the which are 
fometimes both Purple and fpotted, and fometimes 
White, as the former is. 
V- The third , or Great Bumble Bee Orchis or 
Fox Stones. This has Ted icles lefs than the former , 
and rounder , from whence fpring Jive or fix long nar- 
row Leaves , Ribbed , like Ribwort Plantane, yet a 
little lefs ■, the Stalk is about Nine or Ten Inches 
high, bearing five or fix Flowers at the head thereof, 
the form of which is fomewhat like to a Bumble 
Bee , or Drone Bee , as it is commonly called , ha- 
ving 
