Chap. 3 1 2* ‘EngUfh ‘Herbs. 415 
XIII. The Places. The firft grows upon the Alps, 
near Switzerland , as Bauhinus lays , the fecond 
grows on the Mountains of Savoy , but neither of 
them grow wild in England , being only nurft up in 
Gardens * the third grows upon the Hills of Auftria 
and Hungary , Gerard fays he found it on Salisbury 
Plane, as alfo in fome places in Sujfex , and likewife 
near St. Albans : The fourth, or Crofswort Gentian , 
grows in a Pafture at the Weft End of Little Rayne 
in Ejfex , on the North fide of the way leading from 
Braintree to Mucb-Dunmow , and in the Horfe way 
by the fame Clofe : The fifth, Patna fays, grows up- 
on Bockmet , a Hill of Switzerland , and in feveral 
places on the Alps, with us only in Gardens: The 
fix th is an EngliJh Plant, which was found by Mr. 
Hesket , (a Gentleman very skilful in Botonology ) in 
the North parts of England, viz. in Lancashire, but 
the exa& place where he met with it is not named : 
Thefeventh, or Calatbian Violet , grows in many 
places of Germany, and other parts beyond the Seas 
it grows alfo in feveral places of England, as near 
Longfield, by Grave/ end, near Greenhith and Cobbam 
in Kent , and in the Fields belonging to the Houfe 
formerly Sir Percival Harts, at Lelhngftone in Kent , 
and in a Chalk Pit, hard by a Paper Mill, not far 
from Dart ford in Kent -, in the Weft Country alfo 
in feveral places , and that as well in wet Grounds 
as dry •, Jobnfon upon Gerard fays, that he found it 
once on a Wet Moorifh Ground, two or three Miles 
on this fide Cafter, in a place called Kettle ton More, 
in Lincolnfhire : The eighth, or Autumn Gentian 
with Small Centory Leaves, grows in Kent in feveral 
places, as about Soutbfleet and Longfield , upon the 
Downs , as alfo upon Barton Hills in BedfordJJnre , 
upon a piece of wafte Chalky Ground , as you go 
out of Dunftable way towards Gorkambury , and 
not far from the Ruines of the old City Verulam , 
near St. Albans : The ninth is found at the Chalk 
Dale near Dartford in Kent , in Waterdown Foreft 
in Sujfex , in the way leading from Cbarle wood's 
Lodge to the Lord Abergavenie's Houfe, called E- 
ndge Houfe , by a Brook fide there, alfo on a Heath 
by Colebrook, near London, and in the way turning 
off from Salisbury Plane to the Earl of Pembroke's 
Houfe at Wilton, and upon a Chalky Bank between 
Gorkambury and St. Albans. 
XIV. T be limes. As to the times of Flowering, 
they are in part declared in the Seffion of the Kinds, 
the two firft Flower in April, and the third in May, 
if they Flower at any other time it is but cafual j and 
their Leaves abiding green all the Winter, they in- 
creafe at the Root , and may be eafily parted ^ the 
fourth Flowers in June and July, the fifth Flowers 
in July and Auguft, and not before, the Seed grow- 
ing ripe foon after, which fhedding themfelves con- 
tinue their Kinds , but will fcarcely endure Tranf- 
plantation, or rife of the Seed fown in the Garden , 
as Gamer ari us and others have obferved ^ the feventh 
Flowers not until about the end of Auguft, and in 
September, in which time this Noble Flower is in all 
its bravery : The eighth and ninth Flower alfo from 
the end of Augujl , and continue Flowering to the 
latter end of OQober. 
XV. The Qualities. All the Gentians , both the 
Greater and the Smaller, are faid to be of one Pro- 
perty , and to have the lame Qualities and Virtues, 
but the Greater are more ufed with us in Phyfick 
than the Smaller -, but in places where the Greater 
are not to be gotten , and where the Smaller are in 
plenty , the Lejfer may very well be ufed in their 
lfead. Gentian is hot and dry in the end of the fe- 
cond degree, Aperitive, Abfterfive, Aftringent, Car- 
minative, Diuretick, and Traumatick , Stomatick, 
Hepatick , Splenetick , Nephritick , and Hyfterick , 
Sudorifick, Alexipharmick, and Analeptick, 
XVI. 1 be Specif cation, it is a peculiar thing a- 
gainft the Plague, Poyfon, malign Difeales, and all 
forts of Agues and Fevers whatloever, and is a fa- 
mous thing for the Cure of Wounds and Ulcers of 
all kinds. 
XVII. The Preparations. You may have there 
from 1. A Juice of the Herb, and alfo of the Root. 
2. An Effence of the Herb, or rather Root. 3. An 
Infufion of the Herb. 4. A Dccofiion of the Root. 
$ . A Ponder oj the Root. 6 . A Peffary of the Root. 
7. A D f illed Water of the Herb and Root. 8. A 
Spirituous Tinflure oj the Root. 9. An Acid Tin- 
Sure of the Root. 1 o. An Oily TinSure oj the Rod 
11. A Saline Tinffurc oj the Root. 12. An Oint- 
ment or Balfam of the Root. 
The Virtues. 
XVIII. The Liquid Juice of the Root. It 5 s good 
againlt the Stinging or Bitings of Hornets, Scorpi- 
ons, Vipers, Rattle-Snakes, Mad Dogs, or other 
Venomous Creatures , taken Morning and Evening, 
two Ounces at a time, in a Glafs of Wine, tor a 
Week together but in cafe of the Bitings of Mad 
Dogs, it ought to be taken for a whole Month round, 
till the Moon has perfected her revolution, at what 
time the Poyfon for the moft part exerts it felf, and 
commonly kills the Patient, and therefore for fecu- 
rity fake, it ought to be taken one whole Lunar re- 
volution i the Wound alfo ought to be kept open all 
that time, and for the three or four firft days nothing 
but Cloves of raw Garlick a little bruifed ought to 
be applied to it, the Wound it felf being walh’d e- 
very time with the Juice of Gentian, becaule by this 
means the Poyfon of the Mad Dog, or of any Viper 
or Serpent will be drawn forth. 
XIX. The Juice of the Herb. It is given very 
often to Cattel to drink, to free them from the Bots 
and Worms, and many other Difeafes •, as alfo when 
they begin to fwell, being Poyfoned by any Venom- 
ous thing, which they often lick up with the Grafs $ 
as alfo when any poyfonous or hurtful Creature has 
bitten a Cow by the Uddef , or any Other tender 
parr, which prefently thereupon fwells, and puts 
the Creature to pain , making them forbear their 
Meat:, with this Juice the place bitten is then to be 
bathed feveral times , and five or fix Spoonfuls of 
the Juice to be given inwardly, mixed with a Pint 
of Ale, by this means the poor Bealt is quickly cu- 
red, and reltored to its Health. 
XX. The Effence oj the Root. It has all the Vir- 
tues of the Juices before going, being ufed in the 
fame manner ^ befides which, being taken from one 
Ounce to two Ounces, or more, Morning and Night 
in Generous Wine, it opens all forts of Obitrublions 
of Liver, Spleen, Gall, Reins, and Womb, and is 
profitable for fuch as are Liver-grown, as the Vul- 
gar call it, or have any Scirrhus breeding there, be- 
caule the long and conftant taking hereof w'aftes a- 
way thofe Humors which caufe the fame^ it gives 
eale in the moft vehement pains of the Stomach, is 
good for fuch who cannot relifii their Meat, have 
a dejefled Appetite, and a bad Digeftion * it is good 
likewife againlt piercing pains of the Sides, Stitches, 
or the like-, it is good for fuch who are bruifed by 
Blows or Falls, diffolving the congealed Blood, and 
eafing the pain^ the fame is alfo very effectual a- 
gainlt all forts of Agues, being taken to three or 
four Ounces, three Hours before the coming of the 
Fit, in a Decoblion of the fame Root 5 it opens Ob- 
ftrudtions of the Womb, provokes the Terms, faci- 
litates the Delivery of Women in Travail, and brings 
away the Afterbirth ^ it is effectual againft the Stran- 
gury, and brings away Sand, Gravel , or Tartarous 
Matter obftrufting the Urinary Paffages, and is laid 
to 
