high, with hard Leaves thereon a Span long, and 
like to the other Dogs-Grafs ; rhe lpiked heads are 
Shorter by much, and harder than the Common Kind 
at Sefl. 7?. aforegoing. 
LXXXIII. It. Gramen Caninum Maritimum vul- 
gal/o Canaria fimile , Sen Dcgs-Grafs. This is a llen- 
derer , harder , and lanker Grafs than the Common 
Kind , and of a more blewifh green color, and differs 
not in any thing elfe-, but there are two other forts 
hereof, the one differing in the Roots, which at the 
feveral Joints as it runs does Shoot up the like Stalks, 
Leaves, and fpiked Tufts, and will be fometimes 
twenty Foot in length, with a number of thofe Stalks 
and Leaves at them ; the other differing in the fpikes, 
which have two orders or rows in them. 
LXXXIV. 12. Gramen Caninum allerum Mari- 
timum longitts Radicalism Sen Dogs-Grafs with long 
Roots. It has a very long Root, and differs little 
from the former, either in the hard Leaves or in the 
running Roots, but that they fpread more, and in- 
ftead of fpiked heads at the tops of the Stalks, this 
has chaffie heads among the Leaves. 
LXXXV. 13. Gramen Camnum Maritimum fpi- 
calitm Amcricanum, American Sea fpiked Dcgs-Grafs. 
It has (lender woody Roots, with but few Fibres 
adjoining thereto, from whence fpring up feveral 
trailing Stalks, a Foot or more high, with feveral 
Joints and Branches at them, and Ihort narrow Reed 
like Leaves on them, at the tops whereof grow fpi- 
ked heads, three Inches long, of a dark Alh color. 
LXXXVI. 14. Gramen Camnum Maritimum af- 
perum , Rough Sea Dogs-Grafs. It has a Root which 
is a buffi of long white Fibres, from whence fpring 
many reddiffi round fmall Stalks, about a Foot high, 
which at firlt lean downwards ; they are encompufled 
with hard, fliort, and fharp pointed Leaves , Hand- 
ing as it were in a Tuft together, with hard rough 
dents about the edges; the fpiked heads are fome- 
what like unto fmall rough hard Burs, breaking out 
of a Skin, in which they were fell enclofed. 
LXXXVII. The Places and Times. Tile firlt of 
thefe is common to be found throughout all England 
in Ploughed Fields, and other like Grounds ; the fe- 
cond and third are nothing fo frequent as the for- 
mer, but are more natural to Sandy and Chalky 
Grounds; the fourth is likewife found in Fields 
which have been Plowed and do lye Fallow ; the fifth 
is often found growing on old decayed Stone or 
Brick Walls in feveral places; the fixth grows not 
fo common as the firft kind or Creeping Rooted- 
Grafs , yet fufficiently plentiful in many Plowed 
Fields of this Kingdom ; the feventh is alfo found 
in Plowed Fields, and borders of moift Meadows 
near Copfes, Hedges, or Thickets of Wood, and in 
fome places near Baftl-, the eighth and ninth grow in 
moiit Meadows in feveral places of this Land, bur 
have been efpecially obferved the eighth to grow a- 
bout Wilton, in a great Meadow lying among the 
Bridges, at the Towns end, belonging to the Earl of 
Pembrook, and the ninth at Warminfter , both of 
them in Wiltjhire ; the tenth, eleventh and twelfth 
have been obferved on our SeaCoafts, efpecially 
upon the Kentijh Shoar ; the thirteenth upon our 
Southern Coalls, in plorida alio, likewile about 
Alompelier and Narbone in prance-, the fourteenth 
on fome of our Shoars, as alfo on the Venetian and 
trench Shoars, about Mompelier, &c. The firft nine 
Flower and Seed in the beginning and height of the 
Summer, the laft five flourifti and perfeff their Seed 
at the latter end of Summer. 
The Virtues. 
LXXXVIII. The firft five of thefe Graffes have 
all one and the fame Virtues, but the firft of them, 
as it is moft common, io it is eifeemed to be of 
greateft effeff ; the Effence, or Decoction of its Roots 
opens obitruftions of the Liver, Spleen, Gall, Blad- 
der, and Reins, eales Gripings of the Belly, and 
waites the Morbifick or Tartarous Matter which 
breeds the Stone in the Bladder, and heals Ulcers 
there; being bruited and applied it conUidates 
Wounds; the DeceEfion provokes Urine, ftrength- 
ens the Stomach, and flops Vomitings; the Roots 
are cold in the firft degree, and temperate in rcfpefl 
of moifture and drynelS; the Diftilled Water is gi- 
ven to Children for the Worms, but it is much 
more effeftual if Worm-Seed be added to it. 
LXXX 1 X. The Bulbous , Tuberous, or Knobbed 
Dogs-Grafs , viz. the fixth and feventh, are found by 
experience to be very efteEfual to provoke Urine, 
and more powerful than the firft Dogs-Grafs for the 
lame purpofe, as alfo to break the Stone, and cafe 
thofe torments of the Belly which come by Fluxes, 
Bloody Fluxes, crudity of Humors, and obitruflions 
of the Vifcera ; and may be ufed in any cafe to which 
the other may be applied. 
XC. The Kneed Dogs-Graffes, as alfo all the Sea 
Dogs-Grafes,' are generally held to be aseffeHualas 
the firft, or Common kind , bur this is to be obferved 
that the Sea Kinds are more effeaual for Rich as live 
by the Sea fide, and Marfhy, or Maritime places, 
and the Land kinds for l'uch as live in the Midland 
or far from the Sea Shoar, or Salt Water lides. ’ 
XII. A>f «- n tita, Gramen Pumi/am vel namtm , 
Dwart-Grafs, three Kinds. 
XCI. 1. SticyiJ.7lj.uQ-, Gramen Xerampelinum , 
Gramen Pratenfe rubrum mintmum,Red Dwarf -Grafs. 
It has a Root confifting of many little Bulbs, cover- 
ed with a reddiffi Film or Skin, with very many 
fmall, hairy, and white Fibres or Threads ; the Stalk 
is (hort and round, and the Ear is of a reddiffi color, 
not much differing from the Grafs called Ifclwmon, 
but rhe Ear is fofter, broader, and more beautiful. ’ 
XCI1. 2. Gramen minimum Pratenfe album. White 
Dwarf -Grafs. This has many Fibrous or’ Hairy 
Roots, the Leaves are lmall and fliort, as alfo the 
Stalk, the top of which bears a Panicle, not much 
unlike the Small Meadcrta-Grafs , but lefler; the co- 
lor thereof is fometimes white, and fometimes red- 
diffi. 
XCIII. 3. Gramen minus duriufculttm. Small hard 
Grafs. It has fmall Roots, compafl of little Strings 
or Threads, from which fpring forth many harffi, 
fowre, or Rufliy Leaves, about an Inch and half 
long; the Tuft or Ear is compatl of many Panicles, 
or very lirtle Ears , which in feeling are very hard 
or harffi ; the Grafs is unpleafant , and not good 
Food for Cartel. 
XCIV. The Places and Times. Thefe all grow 
in Fields and Meadows, more efpecially on Hearhy, 
rough , and dry barren Grounds , in moft places of 
England ; they grow , flourifti, and come to perfe- 
ttion in the Summer Months , as other Meadow- 
Graffes do. 
XIII. rr.i.Gihm, Gramen Plumofum , Feather- 
Grafs, two Species or Kinds. 
XCV. 1. Gramen Plumofum, Gramen Tomento- 
ftm , vel Arundinacetm , Peather-Grafs. It has a 
Root which is tough and hard , from whence arites 
a long benry Stalk, three Feet high, or more, naked, 
without any Blades or Leaves for the moft parr, at 
the tops of which grow long Ipiky Heads or Ears, 
replenifhed with Chaffie and Downie Tufts, which 
make a very pretty (how. 
XCVI. 2, Spartum 
