Chap. 339. 'Englijh Herbs. 9 
Scolymus Sylvejfris , Cynara Sylveftris Lati folia Bau- 
hm. The Wild Harcichoke, or Artichoke Thiftle. 
2. Cynara Sylveftris Cretica Honorij Belli , Agrio- 
anzinari by the Cretians , Agriocinara Cretica Pen#, 
in his Italian Baldus , The Candy Wild Harcichoke. 
To which Authors add. 2. Scolymus Theophrafti , 
Eryngium lutcum , Car duns Chryfanthemus. The Gold- 
en Thiltle. 
III. The Defcriptions. TA? firft, or Wild Harti- 
choke , has a great Root , which /breads much, and 
/ends Jonh Jeveral thick , long, bard , but narrow 
Leaves, ending in long points,- very con/ider ably /col- 
loped in on the edges, /et with Jlrong great pricks, 
and very jharp , which growing on the Stalks encom- 
pa/s them at the bottom, and are 0/ a dark green co- 
lor-, at the tops of each Stalk and Branch grows one 
fcaly and prickly Head , lelfer than thofe of the 
Ninth Kind in the former Chapter, which are kept 
to be eaten , from the middle of which put forth le- 
veral l ight, purplifh, Crimfon Threads, which 
compote the Flower , which , after they have flood 
fome time, pafs away, the Seed in their Heads be 
ing flat, and like other Thiftles. 
IV. The /econd, or Candy Wild Hartichoke. It 
has a very long Root, which grows deep, which /ends 
up long and hoary white Leaves , /ome thing broader 
than tbe former, very much indented or cut in on the 
edges, and thick armed with long and Jharp prickles ■, 
from among which Leaves rife up feveral round 
Stalks, fet with but few Leaves, and branched 
fometimes into two or three parts , bearing at their 
tops fmall, fcaly, Iharp, prickly Heads , which are 
eaten by the Peafants of the Country both green and 
boiled, with Pepper, Salt, Vinegar, and Oil, and 
are as pleafant to them as the bell Hartichoke is to 
us. 
V. The third , or Golden Thiftle, has a Root which 
is long, of the bigne/s of a Finger, very fweet and 
plea/ant to eat , like unto Eryngium, or Sea-Holly, 
which fends forth feveral skinny and prickly Stalks, 
which in fome Countries, as in Spain, Italy, &c. 
Jiand upright , but in other Countries, as in France 
and England, bends with them unto the Ground, bear- 
ing at every Joint both a Branch and a Leaf, which is 
long, and fomewhat narrow, fmaller at bottom than 
any where elfe, much cut in on the edges, and fet 
with fmall white prickles , in fome places marked 
with white fpots on the deep green Leaves, but in 
other places none at all-, at the Joints, between the 
Leaves and the Stalks, and at the tops alfo , come 
forth feveral fmall Heads, fmaller than any of the 
former, compofed of fmall Scales, with very Iharp 
prickles at the ends, out of the middle of which 
come forth many Gold yellow Threads, which abide 
not long, and are the Flower, in which, when they 
are pall, is contained the Seed, being fmall and thin 
Scales lying clofe together. 
VI. The Places. The firft grows in France, Ger- 
many, and Italy, the fecond is natural to Candy, the 
third is a native of Spain and Italy , but they all 
grow with us here in England in Gardens. 
VII. The Times. They all Flower in July and 
■Auguft, or in the end of Summer, and their Seed ri- 
pens in September, or quickly after. 
VIII. The Qualities. They are temperate in re- 
lpect to heat or cold, drynefs or moifture, are Ape- 
ritive, Abfterfive, and Diuretick. 
f a specification. The Wild Hartichoke is 
round to be ot Angular ufe to take away the ftinking 
or ^ n - rke Armpits. 
j ^ re P aratlons - You may have therefrom, 
*• " sjffff or Fjjence. 2. A Deco fl ion in Wine. 
3, A Milky Juice. 4. The Flowers. 5. A Sal let. 
The ITrtues. 
XI. The Juice or Effcnce. It opens the obftru- 
cuons of the Reins, Ureters, and Bladder, and is 
very Diuretick, thereby expelling much ltrong and 
ltinking Urine, and by that means amends the ltrong, 
rank, or ltinking fmell of the Armpits, and of the 
whole Body. Dole three or four Spoonfuls Morn- 
ing, Noon, and Night, in a GUIs of Generous 
Wine, or other fit Vehicle. 
XII. The Decotfion in Wine. It has the fame 
Virtues, but not altogether lo powerful if it is 
made in Red Port Wine, it is a lingular good thing 
to prevent Abortion, and lo to llrengthen the Womb, 
as to caufe a Woman to go out her time. 
XIII. The Milky Juice. .Clufus lays , that with 
this the People in lbme parts of Spain do coagulate 
or curdle their Milk , in order to the making of 
Cheefe , but this is to be underftood chiefly of the 
Juice of the third Kind. 
XIV. The Flowers of the firft Kind. They are 
ufed by the Italians, as Pena and Label fay , to cur- 
dle Milk, of which they make Cheefe * and that the 
faid Flowers, being given to Women with Child, in 
their Broth , or Drink , do hinder Abortion , and 
caufe them to go out well their whole time ^ they 
are alfo very good for fuch Women as are barren, 
and to caufe Fruitfulnefs. 
XV. The Sal let. The young Shoots of the firft 
are eaten like Afparagus , as alfo the young Heads, 
(in Spain ) before they flower, but they ufe to raife 
the Earth over the young Shoots till they are rifen 
a good height, which are then white, and very ten- 
der and delicate to be eaten raw with Pepper, Salt, 
Vinegar, and Oil, or elfe boiled, as you eat AJpa- 
ragus. Theophraftus fays, that his Scolymus, viz. the 
Golden Thiftle, is very pleafant eaten raw, or boiled, 
but chiefly when in Flower, and that the inner fub- 
ftance of the Heads is eaten ^ and with the Flowers 
they counterfeit Saffron, as we do with the Baftard 
Saffron , or Safflower. 
CHAP. CCCXL. 
Of HARTICHOKE Jerufalcm, 
0 R, 
Canada POTATO. 
I.' I ' HE Names. It was unknown to the Greeks , 
X but has variety of Names given to it by the 
Latine Writers : Pelleterius calls it Heliotropium In- 
dicum Tuberofum , Columns in the fecond Part of his 
Pkytobafanos calls it F 'los Solis larneftanus , (becaule 
growing in the Cardinal’s Garden) alfo AJier Perua- 
nus Tuberofus-, Bauhinus in his Prodromic calls it 
Cbtyfantbemum Latifo/ium Brafilianum , but in his 
Pinax , UeliantbemiM Indie um Tubcrofum ; but our 
Parkinfon in his Paradise , as alfo in his Theater of 
Plants , calls it Battatas de Canada , which he Eng - 
lifhes, Potato’s of Canada ; but our ufuai Englijh 
Name is Jerufalem Hartichoke. Bauhinus alfo in 
his Pinax calls it Ariftochi fub Terra. 
II. The Kinds. It is a Angular Plant of the Kind, 
but how it fhould be accounted among the Species 
of Hartichoke is difficult to conceive, becaufe it has 
no refemblance to any of thele Plants in any of its 
parts , but the vulgar feldom give Names to Plants 
according to Judgment, and therefore it is not to be 
wonder’d 
