480 
Salmon s Herbal Lib. L 
Wonder d ac-, all char can he laid for the Name is, 
that when it is boiled and dreft, it has a little like-- 
nels in talte to the bottom of an Hartichoke ; but 
why it thould be called Jerufalem , is more to be 
admired at, for that it came not out of Afia, or Eu 
rope , but Irom America to us, with whom it grows 
as well and as naturally and plentifully as ever it 
grew in its Original Native Clime. 
III. The Delctiption. .T bis admirable Plant hen 
at / irj } but one / mall Tuberous Root , which fends up 
j'ome times one or more ft iff round Stalks , which grow 
in our Country to be eight or ten Eeet high , but 
fcarcely blow or fhew their Flowers, whereas the 
Head of Flowers in their Native Countries, (as Co- 
Jumna lays) being of a Pyramis or Sugar-Loaf fa- 
Ihion, fpreading broad below, and growing fmaller 
upwards, almolt to a point , is nearly of the lame 
length, on which are fet large and broad , rough, 
green Leaves, very like unto the Leaves of the Sun- 
Flower , but fmaller, and growing in the very fame 
manner round about the Stalks-, at the very latter 
end of Summer, or beginning of Autumn , if the 
Root is well planted and defended, it will give a 
Ihew of a few fmall yellow Flowers at the tops, like 
to the Flowers of After , or Starmrt , and much 
fmaller than any Sun-Flower , which come to no per- 
f eft ion with us -, the Root, while the Plant is grow- 
ing above Ground, increafes not to its full growth , 
but when the Summer is well fpent, and the fpring- 
ing of the Stalks is pall, which is about the end of 
Aug uft, or in September , then the Root is perceived 
to be increafed in the Earth, and will (before Au- 
tumn is fpent) in OQober , fwell like a Mountain or 
Hillock round about the feet of the Stalks, and will 
not have its Roots fit to be taken up, until the Stalks 
be half withered at fooneft, but after they are wi- 
thered, and fo all the Winter long, until the Spring 
again, they are good and fit to be taken up and ufed, 
which are a number of almoft roundifh Tuberous 
Roots, growing clofe together, fo that it has been 
obferved, that Irom one Root, being fet in the Spring, 
there has been forty or more taken up again, and to 
have done more than to have filled a Peck Meafure, 
which Roots are of a pleafant good tafte, much like 
to the bottoms of the Heads of the Common Red 
Hartichoke s. 
IV. Another Defcription from Gerard. Flos Solis 
Pyramidal is parvo Flore , Radice Tuber of a. This 
wonderful Plant has growing up from one Root one, 
fometimes two, three, or more round, green, rough, 
hairy, ftraked Stalks, commonly about twelve Feet 
high, fometimes fixteen Feet, or higher, as big as a 
Childs Arm, full of a white fpongy Pith within ; the 
Leaves grow all along the Stalks , out of order , 
of a light green color, rough, (harp pointed, about 
eight Inches broad , and ten or eleven Inches long , 
deeply notched or indented about the edges, very 
like the Leaves of Flos Solis Peruanus , but nothing 
crumpled , nor fo broad as they * the Stalks divide 
themfelves into many long Branches, even from the 
Roots to their very tops, bearing fmaller Leaves and 
fmaller towards the tops of the Plant , making the 
Plant appear like a little Tree, narrower and flen- 
derer towards the top, in fafhion of a Steeple or 
Pyramid -, the Flowers with us grow only at the 
tops ot the Stalks and Branches , like thole of the 
laid Flos Solis , but no bigger than Our Common fingle 
Marigold , confifting of twelve or thirteen ftraked , 
lharp pointed, bright, yellow, bordering Leaves , 
growing forth of a fcaly, fmall, hairy Head, with a 
fmall yellow thrummy fubftance within ; thefe Flow- 
ers, by reafon of their late Flowering, which is com- 
monly two or three Weeks after Michaelmas , never 
with us bring their Seed to perfeftion, and it makes 
a fhew of abundance of Imall Heads near the tops ot 
the Stalks and Branches, forth of the bofoms of the 
Leaves, which never open and Flower in our Clime, 
by reafon they are prevented with the Frofts, which 
otherwife might poffibly be a noble Sight * the Stalks 
fend forth many fmall creeping Roots, by which the 
nourilhment is received, which are full of hairy 
Threads , even from the upper part of the Earth , 
threading far abroad, among which, from the main 
Root, grow forth many Tuberous Roots), cluttering 
together, fometimes faftned to the great Root it 
felf, fometimes growing on long Strings, a Foot or 
more from the main Root, railing or heaving up the 
Earth above them , and fometimes appearing above 
the Earth, producing from the increafe of one Root 
thirty, fourty , or fifty in number, or more, making 
in all commonly about a Peck, and many times near 
half a Bufhel, if the Soil or Earth be good ; thefe 
Tuberous Roots are of a dirty reddifh color without, 
and of a foft white fubftance within , bunching out 
many ways , fometimes as large as a Mans Fill , or 
not fo big, with white protuberances, whence they 
will fprout out or grow up again the next Year; 
the Stalks are bowed down , and fometimes fome 
part of them covered over with Earth, and fend 
forth fmall creeping thready Roots, and alfo Tuber- 
ous Roots , like the former , as by experience has 
been found; thefe Tuberous Roots will abide and 
live in the Earth all Winter, tho’ the Stalks and 
Roots by which they were nourifhed do abfolutely 
rot and perifh away , and will begin to fpring up a- 
gain at the beginning of May following , feldom 
fooner. 
V. The Places. It is a' native of Brazil , Canada , 
and Peru , and feveral other parts of America , and 
now it grows as plentifully with us in England as in 
any of the places where it grew naturally ; Mr. Good- 
yer fays that he received two fmall Roots of this 
Plant from one Franquevill of London , no bigger than 
Hens Egs, the one he gave to a Friend, and the other 
he Planted , and it brought him forth a Peck of 
Roots, wherewith he ftored Hampjhire -, and now it 
grows in great plenty in many other parts of this 
Kingdom. 
VI. The Times. It Flowers generally in Ottober , 
but Seeds not with us, and its Roots are in perfefti- 
on all the Winter Months. 
VII. The Qualities, Specification , Preparation , 
Virtues and Ufes , are the fame with thole of Ham- 
chokes in Chap. 338. aforegoing, fave, that whereas 
in thefe the Heads of the Hartichoke were only ufed 
and eaten, in thefe the Tuberous Roots only are 
taken. 
VIII. Note. They are boiled in Water till they 
are tender, after which they are peeled , lliced, and 
Stewed with Butter, Salt, Pepper, and a little Red 
Port Wine , by which means they become an Excel- 
lent Difh, and more pleafant than the bottom of an 
Hartichoke ; being now very plentiful and cheap, they 
may become good Food for Poor People, and keep 
Thoufands from Starving , which might otherwile 
perifh. 
HARTSHORN, See BUCKSHORN, 
Chap. pi. aforegoing. 
CHAP. 
