Chap. 343. 
‘Englijh Herbs . 
lulf long, and an Inch broad, and dented about the 
elges with round dents-, the fecond Leaf is of two 
Inches long, the rffird has a longer Stalk, with two 
Leaves fet thereon, fmaller and. rounder than the 
other, abouc half an Inch broad, and a bigger Leaf 
ac the end , yet- fmaller and longer than the firft 
Leaf ; the next are leffer and longer, and the Stalk 
is naked of Leaves below, being fmall, hairy, hard, 
and linked , and carrying thick Umbles of white 
Flowers, with yellow Threads in the middle, and 
underlet with long hairy Leaves, the outward Flow- 
ers being larger than the inner , thereby making the 
Umble refemble that of the Wild Carrot ; after which 
come Inch like Seed as the former, but not half fo 
large, the middle part being of a darker color ; be- 
fore they are ripe they look of a purplifh green, but 
when they are full ripe white, of an aromatick tafte, 
fomewhat bitter, and a little fweet in fmell. 
XIII. The eleventh , or Mountain Hartwort with 
fmooth Hemlock like Leaves. It hat a long Root , 
divided into two or three Arms or Branches , of a 
bromnifh black on the outfide , and white within, from 
whence fprings up a Stalk, which is hollow , and 
rifes up to die height of two Feet, or two Feet and 
a half, from which Stalk comes forth (at Joints) 
large fpread Leaves, divided into many fmaller parts, 
like unto Hemlock, or Sefeli Beloponefe, the higher 
up the Stalk the fmaller and longer the Leaves, which 
are fmooth, and more finely divided ; at the top of 
the Stalk comes forth larger Umbles of white Flow- 
ers , which turn into yellowifh crelled Seed , two 
joined together, of a hot and aromatick tafte. 
XIV. T he twelfth , or Mountain Hartwort with 
hairy Hemlock Leaves. It hat a long , thick, dark 
colored Root , which fends forth broad Hemlock like 
leaves, or like to the Greater fweet Chervil, of a 
•dark green color , and fomething rough and hairy , 
efpecially the footftalks of the Leaves, from the 
midft of which rifes up a thick, hollow, crefted, 
hairy, and jointed Stalks, about two Feet high, di- 
vided into Several Branches, with fome fevv Leaves 
thereon , but much, leffer , and in like manner divi- 
ded ; near the top of the Stalk it (hoots it felf forth 
into many Arms or Branches , at the tops of every 
one of which grows a pretty large Umble of white 
Flowers , fucceeded by long (harp pointed Seed, 
two joined together. 
XV. The thirteenth, or Shrub ^Ethiopian Hart- 
wort. It hat a Root which is great and woody, 
Jp reading it felf out into feveral Arms or Branches, 
with feveral fibres iffuing therefrom, and which a- 
bides many Tears, if it is defended from the cold-, 
from this Root (hoot forth feveral woody rough 
Stems , covered with a blackifh Bark , divided into 
many Branches, two, three, or four Feet, or more 
long, befet with many fair, large, thick, hard, 
fmooth, pale green Leaves , being long, and fome- 
what like unto Woodbind Leaves , but not fo broad, 
fmooth or even on the edges, and not fnipt or dent- 
ed at all ; on the tops of the Branches ftand fmall 
Tufts of yellow Flowers, which afterwards bear 
brownifh, round, and long Seed, bigger than Sweet 
fennel Seed -, the whole Plant fmells very fragrant, 
and the Seed belt, being of an Aromatick tafte, fome- 
what bitter, and (harp withal : This is commended 
by Dicfcortdes to be the belt of all the Hartworts, 
beyond that of Candy or Marfelles. 
XVI. The fourteenth, or Great Jointed Hartwort 
of Candy. It has a Root which is compofed of feve- 
ral (lender, long, white, woody Strings, which perifh- 
es f early , which Root fends up four or five hard , 
round, rough , or rather prickly Stalks , about two 
Feet high, whofe Joints are great, and bunched out 
like Knees, with a tough, large, winged Leaf or 
two at each of them, fome cpnutting of three , and 
fome of five pares, and every one of them alio divi- 
ded into feveral parts, of a fid green color, changing 
reddifh at Seed time; the Stalk is rough and crelted, 
and the feveral Branches hereof do carry feveral 
fmall Tufts or Umbles of white Flowers, which be- 
ing paft away , there comes in rheir places great, 
long, round, and rough Seed. 
XVII. The Biases. Molt of thefe SefelTs or 
Hartworts grow about Mompeher , Marfelles,. mi 
\N or bone in Trance , as alfo in Italy and Candy, fome 
in the Mot-ea in Greece, and lome in JEthiopia, and 
fome of them in Germany , and almott all of them 
grow with us in England , where they thrive well , 
but are with us niitfed up only in Gardens. 
XVIII. The Times. They Flower molt of them 
in June and July in their native places, but with us 
in July and Auguft , and do bear ripe Seed in Sep- 
tember, or before the end of Summer, if care be had 
in ordering and keeping them, fo as they be Planted 
in the warmeft places, and in a Southern Sun. 
XIX. The Qualities. They are all of them hot 
and dry in the fecond degree, Aperitive, Abfteifive, 
Carminative, and Diuretick , Stomatick, Pectoral ,. 
Nephritick, Neurotick, and Hyfterick, Antiemetick, 
and Alexipharmick. 
XX. The Specification. Hartwort opens Obftru- 
fliens of the Lungs and Urinary parts, helps Coughs, 
and the Strangury, Afthma’s, Colick, . obftrufdiou of 
the Terms, and Hyfterick Fits , and facilitates the 
Delivery of Women in Travail. 
XXL The Preparations. Of all thefe Kinds the 
four firft are chiefly ufed in Phyfick, (thof it is pofii- 
ble all the reft may have as excellent Virtues, and be 
fully as efficacious) but the JEthtopian is preferred 
for its Angular Virtues beyond all the other forts , 
and is doubtlefs that which ought to be put into the 
Compofitions of Mithridate and Venice Treacle ; and 
this iuic/.gathered in great plenty about Montpelier 
in Trance : As to the parts of the Plant, the Roots, 
the Herb, and the Seed, are all ufed, and from them 
the following Preparations are made, viz. 1. A 
Juice of the Herb. 2. An Ejjence of the Herb an l 
Root. 3. A DecoBion in Wine or Water of the Herb, 
Root, and Seed. 4. A Bonder of the Seed. 5. A 
Cataplafm of Root, Herb , or Seed. 6 . An Acid 
Tinaure of Root or Seed. 7. A Spirituous TinUure 
of Root or Seed. 8. An Oily 'lin'd ure of Root or 
Seed. 9. A Difii/led Water from Root , Herb, or 
Seed, or from all of them. 
The Virtues. 
XXII. The Juice of the Herb. It is commended 
by Diofcorides to help the Strangury, and difficulty 
of breathing , as alfo the Suffocation of the Womb, 
to provoke the Terms, and expel the dead Child; 
it is prevalent alfo againft the Falling-Sicknefs, and 
pains of the Kidnies. Dofe three or tour Spoonfuls, 
twice or thrice a day, mixed with a Glafs of White 
Port Wine; mixed with Honey and taken, it is good 
againft Coughs, Colds 3i Wheezings, and Obftrufli- 
ons of the Lungs. 
XXIII. The EJfence. It has all the former Vir- 
tues, being given in like manner and Dofe, befides 
which it facilitates the Delivery of Women in Tra- 
vail ; the Effence or Juice taken with the Pouder of 
the Seed for ten days together in White Wine, gives 
eafe in the pains of the Reins, and is faid ro expel 
the Stone lodged in thofe parts ; if the Stone is great 
I am confident it can do nothing at all, but it it is 
Tartarous Matter, Sand, Gravel, or lmall Stones, 
then poffibly it may expel them, and clear the parts 
of thofe Recrements : The Eflence made of the Rout 
is powerful in heating , and opening Obftruftions , 
