Chap. 407. ‘Englifh Herbs. 
from the bottom upwards, which in a manner lye 
upon the Ground, with two fuch like Leaves at the 
Joints as in the laft„ but little or nothing dented at 
all 5 the Flowers ale white, without fpots, but ga- 
ping in like maniidr. 
IX. The Jixtb , or Mountain Ironwort with a 
fmall black purple Flower. It has a Root which is 
finally hard , and yellow) Jh , from which rifes up a 
reddijh , hoary, hard , hairy , fquare Stalk , about ha/j 
a Tard high , divided into two Branches , about the 
middle thereof , on which are fet at' the joints two 
fmall and long pale green Leaves one againft ano- 
ther, covered with an hoary Down, and having 
three dents or notches on each fide at the ends of 
them, which at the lower end of the Stalk next the 
Ground ftand upon long footftalks, but up higher 
towards the top are without any; the Flowers ftand 
in fharp pointed Flusks, and are gaping, or hooded, 
as the relt are, but very fmall, whofe head and jaws 
are of a dark purplifh color, the middle of the Flow- 
er is yellow, and the long neck of the Flower which 
rifes out of the Husk is whitifh; after the Flowers 
are paft there come four blackilh Afh Colored Seed, 
fomewhat cornered, which are contained in the hairy 
or hoary Flusks. 
X. The f eve nth, or Ironwort with Germander 
Chickweed Leaves. It has a Root which is fmall 
and thready , which fends forth a Stalk a Foot long, 
fpread out into Branches from the bottom, and thofe 
again fending forth other fmaller ones, all of them 
inclining to the Ground, like the Germander Chick- 
weed, but much greater, on which ftand a few hairy 
Leaves by pairs or couples, in form like unto that 
Chickweed, but larger, and dented about the edges, 
the Flowers grow at the joints with the Leaves to- 
wards the tops, and like unto the others in fafhion, 
but fomewhat longer, and of a blewifh color, Hand- 
ing in fharp and rough Husks, in which is contain- 
ed fmall round Seed. 
XI. The eighth , or Small Germany Ironwort. The 
Root is white and zvoody, and perifhes every Tear ; 
it is a fmall Riant, and has low fquare Stalks , of about 
a Foot high. Branched out almoft from the very 
Ground, being foft and hoary, as the Leaves alfo 
are, which Hand at the joints by couples, being long, 
and fomewhat narrow, without any dents at all a- 
bout the edges, yet larger at or near the bottom of 
the Stalks and Branches than towards their tops $ 
the Branches have Flowers growing about them up- 
wards as foon almoft as they fhoot out, in fhape as 
the other forts are, but they are fo fmall that they 
• fcarcely appear out of the Husks, of a dusky color, 
the jaws and lower parts on the infide being whitifh, 
after which follows blackifh Seed, fmaller than in 
the others. 
XII. Ihe ninth, or Englifh Ironwort, or Ironwort 
with Alehoof Leaves, It has a Root which is fmall 
and thready, Pc rifting every Tear, but abundantly 
raifing it fclf from its own f owing , in any Garden 
where it has once taken pojfejjion-, it is a fmall Herb, 
not much above an Hand breadth, or four or five 
Inches high, having fmall, broad, and roundifh green 
Leaves, with round dents about the edges, like to 
Alehoof, or rather like to Red Archangel Leaves; 
the Flowers are hooded, fmall, and purplifh, and 
the Seed fmall and blackifh. 
XIII. The tenth , or Ironwort with fmooth long 
Leaves. Its Root is whitifh, fibrous , woody, and pe- 
rifhing every Tear, from whence rife up fquare and 
jointed Stalks, fmooth below, but with fomc fmall 
kind of hairinefs at their tops ; the Leaves are fmooth 
and thin, fet by couples, the lowermoft three Inches 
long , and one broad , not dented at all about the 
edges; the Flowers are hooded, like the Common 
fort, but, white, larger than they, and longer alfo, 
577 
ltanding in rough Husks about rhe Stalks, even Horn 
tile bottom almoft, after which come Imall, black- 
if h. uneven Seed, in Heads like thofe of Plamanc, 
but (horter. 
XIV. The eleventh , or Broad Leaved Meadow 
Ironwort. The Root of this is tike ihe feami Kind 
aforegoing , and it has larger fmooth green Leaves 
below than thofe above , a little dented about the edges 
the Stalks are fquare, about a Foot and half in height, 
and Branched out ; the Flowers grow in Roundles 
at the tops of the Branches, being hooded, and of 
a pale yellow color, and in fome purplifh, tending 
to white, without any fmell at all. 
XV. The Places. Some of thefe grow wild in 
England , in Meadows, and on Mountains, in many 
places, being molt of them natural to our Country-, 
the fecond ot thele Gerard lays grows frequently in 
the Corn Fields in Kent, and by Purfleet in Effete-, 
rbe feventh Gerard allb found in Flower and Seed 
among Corn in a Field joining to a Wood fide not 
far from Greenhive in Kent -, the ninth Parkinfon 
fays he found growing wild in the Fields, from 
whence he tranfplanted it into his Garden, where it 
continued to encreafe and flourilh. 
XVI. The Times. They all Flower in June and 
July, and their Seed is ripe foon after. 
XVII. The Qualities. Ironwort is temperate in 
refpeft to heat or cold, and dry in the full degree 
or begining of the fecond ; it is Anodyn, Aftringent’ 
Incarnative, and Vulnerary. 
XVIII. The Specification. It is very powerful 
to ltop all fluxes of Blood, Catarrhs, the Reds and 
Whites in Women, and fpeedily to heal all fimple 
green Wounds, and that, (as Authors fay) without 
fuppuration; it dries up alfo fluxes' of Humors in 
old fretting Ulcers, cleanfes the Ulcer, incarnates 
and quickly heals it. 
XIX. The Preparations. You may prepare there- 
from, a. A Liquid Juice. 2. An Ejjence. 3. A 
Syrup. 4. A DecoSion. 5. A Louder of the Herb. 
6 . A Baljam or Ointment. 7. A Cataplafm. 
The Virtues. 
XX. The Liquid Juice. Given inwardly two, 
three, four, or five Spoonfuls at a time, either alone 
. by it felf, or mixed with rough Red Wine, it is pre- 
valent againft all internal fluxes of Blood, as Spit- 
ting or Vomiting Blood, Pilling Blood, the Bloody 
or Hepatick Flux, and the overflowing of the Terms 
in Women. 
.XXI. The Ejjence. It has all the Virtues of the 
Liquid Juice, befides which it is powerful againft 
Catarrhs, or fluxes of Rheum falling down the 
Throat upon the Lungs; it prevails againft lour 
and Cholerick Belchings of the Stomach, is faid to 
cure Ruptures or Burltennefs, and rhe Whites in 
Women, as alfo a fimple Gonorrhcea in Men, being 
taken inwardly, and outwardly injeUed into thofe 
parts with a Syringe, for being very drying and bind- 
ing, and ftrengthening withal, it not only reftores 
thofe parts, but preferves their Tone intire ; it is ad- 
mirably good alfo to wafh all green Wounds and 
old running Sores or Ulcers, healing the firft, (if 
fimple) without fuppuration, and cleanfing, Hop- 
ping the defluxion of Humors, and drying the other, 
in order to its fpeedy healing-, and if there be any 
Inflamation, or begining of a Gangreen about the 
parts, it prevents ir, and foon fecures it againft any 
dangerous Accident. Dofe two, three, or four 
Spoonfuls in any convenient Vehicle Morning and 
Night. 
XXII. The Syrup. It helps Coughs, Colds, Ca- 
tarrhs, and Afthma’s, prevails againft obltruUions 
Eeee of 
