Chap* 408. 
ther Brick or Srone, on which Trees it runs up fo 
lirongly, faftning its Claws or Roots therein, that it 
draws the nourifhment out of the Tree, and thereby 
" m time kills .it, by confirming the life and moifture 
thereof, and by choaking it with the abundance of 
fhadow and humidity of its Leaves and Branches, 
which are ever green, (and ferves as an Ornament 
thereto when it is Leaflefs, but in the end is its de- 
ftruction and utter ruin) thefe Branches having thus 
fa lined themfelves by their Claws or Roots in a Tree 
or Wall will live thereby upwards, tho’ the Trunk 
or Body of the Shrub is cut oft' from the Root be- 
low, and it will live as well as if it was not cut 
away from its faid Root at all, only by the faltning 
of its little Claws or RadicuU into the laid Tree or 
Wall, and there growing great they will oftentimes 
io crack it, that it will in time utterly ruin it, as is 
faid before , while the Plant is young the Leaves of 
molt of it will be cornered, but when it grows older 
it has no corners on the fides, but grows only round, 
or fomewhat long, and pointed at the end, the young 
Leaves which fpring forth from the Branches keep- 
ing oftentimes the fame order, and are of a dark 
mining green color above, and fomewhat of a yel- 
lowifh green underneath, ftriped with white, and 
fometimes with red fpots, abiding freih and green 
Winter and Summer; from the joints of the Stalks 
and tops of the Branches grow forth upon fhort 
Stalks fmalt mo Hie yellow Flowers, ftanding in an 
Llmbel, or clofe round Tuft-, after the Flowers are 
palt fmall round Berries come in their places, which 
are green until they grow ripe, and then turn black, 
with a fmall point at the end of each Berry, in each 
of which are ufually contained four Seeds, three- 
fquare in a manner, but round on the one fide; this 
Shrub or Bufh yields either voluntarily or by being 
bruifed in hot Countries a kind of reddilh hard Gum 
called 6m- *««*,, Hederx Gummi, The Gum of Ivy’ 
which is laid by Authors to be dangerous being in- 
wardly ufed in Phyfick, becaufe fay they it has a 
caullick or burning faculty. 
Tree Ivy , or Wall. 
The fcconrf , or White Berry bearing Ivy. This 
in its Roots , Stalks, Branches , C/am, or Radicular, - 
Leaves , Mowers, Berries , and. manner of growing , 
differs very little from the former , and is chiefly 
diflinguifhed in thefe things, viz. that the Leaves 
are thinner and finer, and of a lighter green color, 
and that the Berries are of a whitifh or greyifh co- 
lor when they are ripe, and not black, as the Ber- 
ries of the Common Sort are. 
VI. The third , or Barren Ivy. From a woody 
ftringy Root , as the former , it fends forth fever a l 
fender and woody Branches , trailing upon the Ground 
and for the mojl part lying thereon , but fometimes 
it is found to wind it felf and climb up the Trees, 
Bufhes and Hedges under which it grows ^ with the 
fmall Tendrels or Claws it (hoots forth at the feve- 
ral joints of the Branches, where the Leaves come 
forth, being fomewhat lefler than the firft Common 
Kind, and of a dark (hining green color, ufually 
formed into three corners, and fometimes into five ^ 
at the Joints with the Leaves there thrufts forth un- 
derneath final 1 white Fibres, Claws, or RadicuU y 
by which it takes hold as it creeps j this very rarely 
has been feen to bear either Seed or Flowers. 
VII. The fourth , or Three Leav’d Virginian Ivy. 
The Roots of this Riant do Jhoot under Ground , and 
fend forth young woody Stalks , fome whereof will 
ftand upright, others lye down, and take root again 
as they fpread, as alfo on any Wall they ftand nigh 
unto, like unto our former Barren Ivy the Leaves 
are broad and large, three always fet together upon 
a long footftalk ; at the Joints with the Leaves 
come forth pale Flowers in a loofe Tuft or Clufter, 
which turn into pale yellow Berries, with fmall, 
hard, round, Afh Colored Seed in the dry -wrinkled 
Skins or Husks, without any moifture at all in them ^ 
this Plant yields a white Milk, without any tafte in 
it, being broken in any part thereof, which Milk 
after it has lain a while will change to be as black 
as Ink, and therefore is thought to be a good Mate- 
rial to color Hair or any other thing Black. 
VIII. The fifth, or Five Leav’d Virginian Ivy.' 
This Slender, but Tall Climbing Virginian Ivy, has 
a Root which Jf reads here and there under the 
Ground, but not very deep, from whence rife up fe- 
veral Stems or Stalks, none much bigger than a 
Mans Thumb, many lefs, from whence ihoot forth 
feverai and many long weafrBranches, not able to 
ftand upright unlefs they be fuftained, yet being 
planted near unto a Wall or Pale, or Houfe fide, the 
Branches at feverai diftances of the Leaves will 
Ihoot forth fmall fhort Tendrels or Claws, not twi- 
ning themfelves about any thing, but ending in four, 
five, or fix, or more, fhort and fomewhat broad 
Claws, which will fallen like a Fland with Fingers 
fo clofe thereunto, that it will bring part of the 
Wall, Mortar, Board, Glafs, Brick, or Stone, away 
with it if it is pulled from it; and by thefe Claws 
it flays it felf, and climbs up to the top of the high- 
eft Tree, Wall, Houfe, or Chimney, being planted 
by them: the Leaves are crumpled, or rather folded 
together, at their firft coming forth, and very red, 
which af terwards growing forth are very fair, large” 
and green, divided into four, five, fix, or feven 
Leaves, (not regular to a certain number) ftanding 
or growing together upon a fmall footftalk, and Tec 
without order on the Branches, at the ends whereof, 
as alfo at other places fometimes, come forth feverai 
fhort Tufts of Buds for Flowers, which here in 
England never come to that perfefdion, as to open 
themfelves and fhew what kind of form they would 
be of, much lefs what Berries or Seed would fol- 
low ; the ufe of this is chiefly to furnifh a Garden, 
and to be an Ornament to the place it is planted in. 
IX. Or thus, according to Gerard. There is kept 
for Novelties fake in divers Gardens a Virginian 
Vine, but which is indeed an Ivy ; the Stalks hereof 
E e e e 2 grow 
