Chap. 415. 'Englijh Herbs. 
59 1 
whiter at the bottoms of them, which fo Itand in the 
Flower near a Month before they fade, in the mean 
feafon the Seed ripens in the Heads, which is fmall, 
not much bigger than the Cyanns , but not fo great 
as the Ordinary Knapweed. 
IV. The fecond , or Clufius his fecond Silver Knap- 
weed. It hits a Root which is white and long , not 
enduring after Seed time * it has many divided hai- 
ry and lomewhat hoary Leaves, lying on the Ground, 
divided into feveral parts on both fides, but more 
feparate one from another than the former j the 
Stalks are fomewhat hairy or hoary alfo, but Itand 
not fo upright as the former, rather leaning down- 
wards, by reafon of their weaknefs ^ thefe Stalks are 
divided into many Branches, bearing at their tops 
fcaly Heads, a little larger, from whence (hoot 
forth larger Flowers alfo than the former, whofe 
outward Leaves are made like thofe of the Cyanifs , 
or Cornflower , of a fair purplifti red Color, with 
fuch like colored Threads or Thrums in their mid- 
dles as are in that jull aforegoing, with whitifh and 
yellowilh bottoms ^ the Seed ripens in the time of 
Flowering, and is like the former. 
V. The third . , or Lobel’s Silver Headed Knapweed, 
which is the third Kind of Clufius- The Root is fome- 
ihing thick and long , and abides fometimes after Seed 
time , it has many Leaves rifling fro?n the Root , but 
they are much more divided , and into J trailer parts 
than either of the aforegoing , being more hoary, or 
of a whiter green Color than they, the Stalks are in 
the fame manner hoary, and rifes up as high as the 
frit, with thin, cut, or divided Leaves upon them 
lharp at the points, but fmaller and fmaller up to 
the tops, where they are much divided into Branch- 
es, and bearing at their ends Icaly green Heads, but 
more white edged Leaves, feeming as if they were 
Silvered, out of which come forth fmall purple 
Flowers, like the reft, but fmaller, the Seed hereof 
lying in the Downy Heads, as the others do, but are 
fomething blacker than they, each having an hairy 
top on them. 
VI. The fourth , or Greater Silver Knapweed of 
Auftria. This does not much differ from the l aft nei- 
ther in its manner of growing , nor in its form of the 
Leaves , nor in its height , nor in its Stalk , but only 
in its fcaly Heads , which are not of fuch a Jhining 
white Silver like Color , and in this confifls the whole 
difference. 
VII. The fifth , or Silver Knapweed of Auftria 
the leffer. There is likewife but very little differ- 
ence in any particulars between this and the lafl , its 
chief variation is in the lownefs of its growing and 
flendernefs of the Staff by which it is made a dimi- 
nutive Flant of the kind. 
VIII. The fixth , or Leffer Silver Knapweed with 
a white Flower. Nor is there much difference or 
variety between this and the lafl , but only in the 
Flower, which conflfls wholly of white Threads vr 
Thrums , without having any other Color joined or 
mixed with it. 
IX. The feventh , or Narrow Leav’d Silver Knap- 
weed of Candy. It has a white Root , and of a Fin- 
gers thicknefs in magnitude , it is but a fmall Riant , 
end has divers long , foft, fat , and narrow Leaves , 
lying next the Ground , a little dented on the edges , 
but thofe which grow up upon flender Stalks , of about 
a handful long , are not dented at all, but refemble 
Ribwort Plantane Leaves , and are of a yellowifh 
green Color , the tops of the Stalks are replenffed 
with fmall long Husks or Heads , out of which grow 
yellow F lowers, and after them fmall long Seed , like 
unto that of Scabious. 
X. Not a. Clufius fays that the Spaniards call 
the firft by the Name of Cabefuela, id eft Capitulum , 
a^ little Head, and they ufually make Brooms or 
Befoms thereof to fweep their Houfes, and that the 
Learned Phvficians there do ufe the third Kind in- 
stead of Scabious for all the Purpoles thereof 
XI. The P laces. The firft three Kinds do grow 
in feveral places of Spain, efpecially about Salaman- 
ca, as Clufius fays •, the fourth, fifth and fixth grow 
in Auftria, and ‘the feventh, (as its Title teftifies) 
in Candy, but by tranfplantation they are nurfed up 
in feveral Gardens of the Curious here in England. 
XII. The Times. The firft fix .do all Flower in 
the Summer Months of June and July, that of Can- 
dy Flowers fomething later, viz. in Auguft, if any 
early Froft: takes them they immediately wither, al- 
tho’ in their own natural places, which are the warm 
Countries, and w'here they continue many Years. 
XIII. The Qualities, Specification, Preparations 
and Virtues are the fame with thofe of the Vulgar 
or Common Knapweeds in the former Chapter, and 
to that I refer you •, Authors fay that all the forts 
of Knapweed come fomewhat nigh unto the Quali- 
ties of Scabious, to which for their full Virtues you 
ought to be directed, and know that what Remedies 
may be had from and what Dileafes Scabious may 
be applied to, the fame the Knapweeds are produ- 
ctive of and equally efficacious in. 
CHAP. CCCCXVI. 
Of K N A W E L ? 
0 R, 
German KNOTGRASS. 
I. np H E Names. It has neither Greek nor Anci- 
X ent Latine Names that I know' of, our Mo- 
derns call it Polygonum Germanicum, and we in Eng- 
lift) Knawel, or German Knotgrafs. 
Ii. The Kinds. We have two Kinds hereof viz. 
1. Polygonum Germanicum , Knawel Ger manor urn. 
Polygon 1 Species Tragi, Poly car pan, (from the abun- 
dance of Seed) and Pofycnemon, (from its many Vir- 
tues) Polycarpon Lugdunenfis, Polygonum exiguum 
DodonKi, in his Pemptades , Polygonum Selinoides Ge- 
rardi, but this is an improper Name, for it has no 
Leaves like Selinum, or Par fly. Common Knawel, or 
German Knotgrafs I know fome would have this 
Plant to be Saxifraga Anglicana Lobelij, but I think 
it may be a^>pecies thereof the form and ftrong 
fweet fmell nvhich Tragus fays it has inducing me 
to think fo, (this being the Knawel Tragi ) but the 
fmall green Flowers and Seed in them are much dif- 
fering from the Pink-like white Flowers in that. 2. 
Polygonum Germanicum alter urn. Polygonum Li tor e- 
um minus Flofculis fpadiceo albic antibus. The fe- 
cond Knawel, or other German Knotgrafs 5 Bauhi- 
nus fays that there is feveral Varieties of this Ger- 
man Knawel, of which this fecond Kind is one of 
them, and the two following are alfo thought to be 
Species of the fame Plant, viz. 3. Polygonum Monta- 
num Niveum Lobelij, Polygonum Montanum mini- 
mum Niveum Cf Sericeum, Polygoni Hifpanici genus 
Clufij, Paronychia Hifpanica Clufij, Polygonum Alon- 
tanum Tabernamontani tfi Gerardi, Polygonum minus 
candicans Bauhini, White Mountain Knotgrafs, or 
Knawel. 4. Polygonum Valentinum , Polygonum 
Montanum, Anthyllidis Species, Anthyllis Valentina 
Clufij, Spanifh Mountain Knotgrafs, or Knawel; 
tho’ 
