Chap. 43 i. UngUjh Herbs, 619 
upon the Ground ; at the iirft coming up, broad, 
cut or gaflit about the edges, crifping or curling 
lightly this or that way, like in fome meafure to the 
Leaves of Garden Endive , with Stalks, Flowers and 
Seeds; like the former, as well in form as yielding 
that milky Juice, with which they do all abound. 
Of thele Lett ices fome are open, with vety curled 
Leaves, of a green Color ; and fome of a yellow 
or yellowilli green Color. Others are Headed or 
Cabbaged, and fometimes grow fo large, even to 
referable a fmall Cabbage, of a yellow or yellowilh 
green Color. This Lettice is feldom eaten raw, 
but is for the moll part boiled like a Cabbage , and 
makes indeed the bell boiled Sailer. 
XIII. The tenth , or Venice Lettice. It is an ex- 
cellent Cabbage Lettice, and is beft to be town at 
the latter end of June, or beginning of July : it grows 
fometimes to be cut large at the Crown of a Man’s 
Hat : it rifes to a moderate Height , and the Seed is 
white. There is another fort which does a little 
Cabbage, and the Seed is white : and another lort 
which does not Cabbage, but is loofe ; this has ma- 
ny great Leaves fpread upon the Ground, like unto 
thole of Garden Endive , but Idler ; it rifes up to 
be about three Feet high ; its Flowers are yellow- 
ilh, which turning into Down, fly away with the 
Wind, and its Seed is white as Snow. Thefe two 
laft fome call Luinbard Lettices. 
XIV. How to gather the Seed, that it may be good. 
Mark out thofe Plants which you intend (hall run 
up for Seed, which let be the bell and moll flou- 
rifhing ; and after they have begun to Ihoot forth 
Stalks, ftrip away the lower Leaves for two or three 
Hands breadth above the Ground ; for thereby, in 
taking away the lowefl Leaves, the Stalk (hall not 
rot, nor the Seed be hindered from ripening. 
XV. The IP. iy and Manner of IVhitening Lettice, 
to make it eat the more tender. It is done two 
ways. The one is by tailing up Earth like Mole- 
Hills round about the Plants, while they are grow- 
ing, which ud'fl make them grow white. The o- 
ther is, by tying up all the looie Leaves round about 
together while it grows ; for fo the dole-growing 
thereof will make it white, and be thereby the more 
tender and pleafant. 
XVI. The Places. The feveral Names tell you 
whence they came to us ; but here are now nurfed 
up in many of our Gardens. Pallaiius fays, that 
Lettice delights to grow in manured, fat, moill and 
dunged Ground, and in places where there is plenty 
of Water : and Columella fays it profpers beft, if it 
is fown very thin. 
XVII. The Times. Palladitts lays, that it is 
certain that Lettice may be fown at any time of the 
Year, but efpecially at Spring time, and afterwards 
till Summer is nigh lpent ; and after that again as 
foon as Winter is done : however, it ought to be 
fown in fair Weather. 
XVIII. The Qualities. Lettice is cold and moilt 
in the fecond Degree : Anodyne, Digeltive, Emol- 
lient, Relaxive, and Galefilogenetick. 
XIX. The Specification. It allays Inflammations, 
gives Eafe in the Strangury, induces Sleep, and re- 
preffes Bodily Lull. 
XX. The Preparations. You may have there- 
from, I. A Juice. 2. An Ejfence. 3. An Oil or 
Ointment. 4. A Cataplafm. f A dijiil/ed Water. 
6 A Sallet. 7. The Seed. 
quenches Thirlf, cools the inward Heat of Fevers'- 
abates Inflammations of the Lungs, cools the Heat 
of Urine, and reprefles Bodily Lull. Mixed with 
a little Camphir diffolved in Oil of Ben , and a litdd 
V megar being alio added, and applied by anointing 
or bathing to the Cods, it eafes Pain, ami abates 
an Inflammation in thole Parts, abates Lull and re- 
prelfes Venereal Dreams, which caule Notiurnal 
Pollutions. 
XXII. The EJJence. It has all t'ne Virtues of the 
Juice, and is rather to be chofen to be adminiltred 
to cold Conftitutions : it alfo induces Sleep and 
Kelt, being taken at Bed-time in any convenient 
Vehicle. The Eflence, as alfo the former Mixture 
of the liquid Juice, being anointed or bathed upon 
the Reins, cools any burning Heat there, and eafes 
the Pain of the Back. 
XXIII. The Oil or Ointment. It is made either 
of the Juice or green Herb , by boiling them in Oil 
Olive, Hogs Lard, or Mutton Suet, mixed with Oil. 
Anointed on the Forehead and Temples, it eafes the 
Head-ach proceeding from an hot Caufe, and pro- 
cures Sleep and Reft. Anointed alfo on ocher Parts 
which are Inflamed, or are full of Pain, it cools the 
Part and gives Eafe. 
XXIV. The Cataplafm. Applied to the Gout, it 
eafes tire Pain ; and mixt with Camphir, and appli- 
ed to the Region of the Heart, Liver, or Reins, it 
reprefles their Heat and Inflammation, comforts and 
ftrengthens thofe Parts, and allays the Heat of U- 
rine. Applied to the Head in a vehement Head-ach, 
it eafes the Pain, and gives great Relief; caufing the 
Patient to reft and deep. 
XXV. The dfiilled Water. It allays great In- 
flammations, encreafes Milk in Nurfes, quenches 
Thirlf, abates the burning Heat of Fevers, reprefles 
Lult, takes away Nocturnal Pollutions, and has all 
the other Virtues of the Juice and Eflence, but mull 
be taken in a much larger quantity, as from two 
Ounces to four or fix, a little dulcified with double- 
refined Sugar. 
XXVI. The Sallet. The beft is that which is 
made of the Cabbage Lettice , and is generally eaten 
raw, with Vinegar, Salr, Onions, or Pepper, and 
good Oil. Galen adviles Old Men to ule it with 
Spices ; and where Spices are wanting, to add Mmt i 
Rocket , CreJJes, Tarragon , and fuch like hot Herbs, 
as Correctives thereof. It is very grateful to the 
Stomach, comforts and ftrengthens it, and caufes a 
good Appetite. Some make a Sallet of Lettices by 
boiling them : fo eaten, they are agreeable enough, 
are cooling and grateful to the Stomach, help Di* 
geftion, cleanfe the Stomach, and loofen the Belly; 
and this Galen fays he found by Experience ; for "by 
moiftening the Belly, it becomes the more flippery. 
This boiled Sallet is faid to be fooner digefted, and 
to nourifh more. It eafes all the griping Pains of 
the Stomach or Belly which come from Choller. 
XXVII. The Seed. It is laid to have all the 
Virtues of the Herb, being given in Ponder from a 
Dram to a Dram and half, in anv proper Vehicle, 
Morning and Night. 
CHAP. CCCCXXXI. 
TJ)e Virtues. 
Of LETTICE Wild. 
XXI. T he liquid Juice. Inwardly taken from 
one Spoonful to two or more, ( according to Age 
and other Accidents) it breeds Milk in Nurfes, 
I ' I ' H E frames. It is called in Greek, SilnAa, 
J- Thridacine , and iyua by Dwfcorides : 
in Latine , Lr.iiuca agreftis, LaUuea Sylvejiris Eu- 
Kkkka nusbu ft 
