662 Salmon’ j* 
IV. T he fecond, or LefTer Madwort of Diofcori- 
des. It has a Root tekieb is Jmalll and long , t cith 
divers fibres adjoining , which abides and floats forth 
anew, and is more Jbarp in Tafia than the Leaves , 
which are drying and ajlringcnt. From this Root 
fpring forth feveral long Leaves, lying on the 
Ground, a little waved on the edges, ot a pale or 
blewilh green Color, about three inches long, and 
one broad, rough and hairy, bur foftdr than the ter- 
mer. From among which Leaves rife up (lender, 
weak, rough Stalks, Icarce able to Hand upright,! 
parted into feveral Branches, on which grow the 
Leaves by Couples, one oppofite to another, frnal- 
let, but not lefs hairy and rough than the aforego- 
ing. The Flowers firft begin to break forth at the 
tops, and afterwards on the fides or Wings, which 
are many fet together in Tufts, confilling ol four 
white Leaves, notched in the middle, which makes 
every Leaf feem like a Heart, with diveis yellowifh 
Threads in the middle of them, and each Handing 
in a green Husk; the outfides whereof have longer 
Foot-ualks than thole more inward ; and each 
Flower larger than the inner ones ; which being 
palt, round Seed-VefTcls fucceed, in Form like Buck- 
lers,’ a little fmaller than the former,' hard and 
rough on the outlide, in which are contained flat. 
Seed, in four round reddifh Cells or Partitions, di-; 
vided by a certain thin fhining Skin, two Seeds ly-; 
jng in each Cell or Divifion. 
V. The Places. They grow in Gardens both 
with us and in Italy, trance , and the Low-Countries, 
but their original or native place is fcarcely or not 
well known. 
VI. T he Times. They flower in the Summer 
Months, as in May, June, July and Auguft, the 
fecond year after their Lowing, and their Seed is 
ripe not long after. 
VII. The Vitalities, It is hot and dry in the firfl 
Degree. Digeftive, moderatly Abflerfive, Expul- 
five, and Alexipharmick. 
VIII. The Specification. It is pecnliarfor curing 
the Bitings of Mad Dogs, asalfo of Green Wounds, 
and at old running Sores, and filthy rotten 
UlcersC 
tp 
IX. The Preparations. From the Green Herb 
you may have, i . A liquid. Juice or EJJence. 1. A 
DecoUion in Wine. j. A Pouder. 4. An Oint- 
ment or Balfam. 5, A Cataplafm. 
T be Virtues. 
X. The liquid Juice or EJJence. Being taken in 
Broth or Wine, it cures the Bitings of Mad Dogs, 
and peifeQly takes away the Venom or Poylon 
thereof, which Galen affirms Simp/ieium Mediea- 
jnentorum, 1. 6. and this lome think to be manifefl 
from the fignatnre of the Plant, or likenefs of its 
whole fubflance, and that this is the Virtues there- 
of, had been found from great Experience; and 
that it would perform many other Cures, from its 
drying, digefling, and moderately cleaning facul- 
ties: and therefore Galen and Diofcordes both lay 
of each of thefe Plants, that they cleanfe the Skin 
from Wheals and Pimples, from Spots and other 
difcolcrings , as Morphew, Sunburnings, &c. 
which is piefumed to be done by the Juice or 
Eflence. 
Herbal Lib* L 
XI. The Decoliion. It may be made with Water 
or Wine, but the latter is the better. It has the 
Virtues of the Juice or Effence but much weaker, 
and therefore may be taken to half a Pint or more, 
according to Age, ©V. It is good for the Cure of 
Wounds either inward or outward, to digeft con- 
gealed or clotted Blood which is gathered together 
by any fall, blow or bruile, and to cleanfe and heal 
old rotten and filthy Ulcers, and other creeping 
Sores. 
XII. The Fonder of the Herb. It has the Vir- 
tues of the Juice and Deco£Hon, and particularly 
it has a virtue to Hop the Hiccough, and this it 
will do if the Pouder, or green Herb it fei'f is but 
held in the Mouth, and alfo Tmelt to. Dofe ona 
Dram at a time twice a day, in Ale, Seer, Wine, or 
PolTet Drink, ©V. Outwardly ftrewed upon run- 
ning and putrid Ulcers, it drys up the moifture, 
and contributes much to their healing. 
XIII. The 0 in/ me at or Eulfanh It is of lingular 
ufe to be applyed to the 'Bitifigs of Mad Dogs* 
becaufe it recalls, or draws forth the Venom or 
Poyfon out of. the Wounds* and fome are of Opi- 
nion, that it m'rght have theTame Operation, if it 
was applyed to the Biting of a Viper or Rattle- 
snake: ho ' ever outwardly applyed to running 
Sofes, inveterate Ulcers, Fiftulaes, &e. it has been 
found to digeft, cleanle powerfully, then to dry, 
and induce a fpeedy healing, and this fc much the 
more if the Pouder of the Herb be ftrewed thick 
upon the Sole or Ulcer. 
XIV. The Cataplafm. It is of great ufe, being 
immediately applied to attraU or draw the Poyfon 
or Venom out of the Bitings of Mad Dogs, and 
to difeufs Tumors or Swellings caufed by fimpls 
ContufionS} as alfo to open the Pores fo as to 
caufe an eduction of the Morbifick caufe of the 
ScurfF, or Morphew, ©V. 
XV. Note, That the fecond Figure, which is 
that of the Lefter Madwort of Liof corides , is 
taken from Matthiolus his Epitome j in this Cut, 
the Seed Veftels are very exaft, but the pofition of 
the Leaves are not Juft, for they ought to ftand by 
Couples, and be of three times that length. 
CHAP. CCCCLXL 
Of MADDER Great. 
I. '~jnHE Karnes. It is called in the Arabick 
J Pave , and Feve alfa bagin : in Greek 
E (vQ&jkvcv kj Eruthrodanum and Eruthe- 
danum : Kicander in Then acts , calls it S yyaior 
Sctyrium : in Latino , Rnbea , and Rubia 1 (from 
the color of the Root, and from its Dying 
Cloth or Leather into a Red color : ) and in 
Enghjh , Madder. Faulus JEgineta lays, it is 
called T hapfon : and in the Shops it is called 
RubU Tinttorum. 
II. Vte 
