Chap. -|/h. TLnglijh Herbs . 
663 
II. 1 he Kinds. It is either Great, of which in 
this Chapter : or Small , of which we fhall Treat 
in the next. The great Kind of Madder, is, 
I. Rubia , Rubia Satwa , Rubia Tintforum, Gar- 
den Madder or Red Madder , which fome call 
Dyers Madder, and Crop-Madder. 2. Rubia Syl- 
vejlris , Wild Madder. 3. Rubia Sy/veftris fo lips 
longioribus , Wild Madder with long Leaves. 
4. Rubia Marina, Sea Madder. <>. Synancbia 
Dalcchampij, Quinfey-wort or Quinfey Madder of 
Dalechampius. 6 . Mollugo Montano, Rubia Syl- 
vefiris altera Gefneri, Great Baftard or Mountain 
Madder. There are other Herbs which fome Au- 
thors will have to be kinds hereof, as Aparine , 
Af per ula, Cruciata , Gallium, which we can 
fcarcely admit of, and therefore you will find 
them in other Parts of this Book, in their proper 
places of the Alphabet. 
T be Defer iptions. 
III. The jirft , or Garden Madder. Its Root is 
fat and full of fubftance, yet not very great , but 
very long, running down half a mans depth into the 
ground , red in color , and very clear while (i it is 
frefh , fpreading fever al ways. From this Root 
fhoot forth many very long, four fquare, reddifh 
ftalks, trailing on the ground a great way, very 
rough or hairy , (which therefore Pliny terms 
Spinofus prickly) and full of Joints, At every of 
thefe Joynts come forth feveral long and fomewhat 
narrow Leaves, Handing like a Star, or the Rowel 
of a Spur, about the Stalks, rough alfo and hairy : 
towards the Tops whereof come forth many fmall, 
pale, yellow Flowers * after which come fmall 
round Heads, green at the firfl, and reddifh after- 
wards, but black when they are thorough ripe, in 
in which are contained the Seed, 
IV. The fecond, or Wild Madder. In this 
the Root grows greater, but not fully fo red nor 
clear as that of the Garden Kind. It grows up in 
Wild or Field MADDER , 
form, very like to the Garden Aladder before de- 
scribed, but the Stalks are fmaller , not fpread- 
ing fo far j nor are the Leaves fo rough and hairy, 
but rather (as Gerrard fays) fmooth and fhining; 
and lefler alfo, and the Flowers white. 
V. The third , or Wild Madder with long 
Leaves. Its Root is fmaller, but red like the for- 
mer, from whence fpring up divers round jointed 
Stalks, two or three feet long, and fome times longer, 
fomthing fmooth, or at leaf noticing fo rough as 
the other Wild fort . The Leaves which Hand at 
the Joints are a little rough, narrower, and longer 
than the other, feven or eight at a diftance : at the 
tops of the Stalks, Hand many white Flowers, 
made of four fmall Leaves a piece , which turn 
into fmall round Seed like the former. 
VI. The fourth , or Sea Madder. Its Root is 
more red on the outfide than within, harder and 
more Woody than the other : from this Root- 
fpring forth many fquare, hard, and fomthing 
rough Stalks, round about it, which are full of 
Joints, and from whence grow many fmall, long 
Leaves, _ a little rough, broadeH at the bottom, 
and pointed at the end- more white in the natu- 
ral Places, than when Tranfplanted : from among 
which, (growing lefler at the Tops,) come forth 
fmall whitifh Flowers Star fafhion, like the other, 
but longer. 
VII. The fifth , or Quinfey Wort, or Quinfey 
Madder of Dalechampius. It has a Root which is 
crooked, blackifh without, yellow underneath the 
Skin, and white within and Woody, which is about 
five or fix Inches long, with many hairy firings: 
From this Root arife many four fquare Branches, 
trailing upon the Ground, and fometimes reddifh, 
towards the Root. The Leaves are fmall and 
fharp pointed, like thofe of Gallium, or Ladies 
Bed Straw , and grow along the Stalk on certain 
Knees 
