ii ^2 Salmon ’ s Herbal. Lib. 1. 
may loach them without harm : but rhofe which 
grow towards the tops of the Stalks are fmewhat 
more prickly ■, and the Heads which grew on the 
tops of the fever al Branches, are fomewhat jharp. 
Jet with Prickles like a Thiftle. The flower is yel- 
low, which being paji away, the Head enclofes a 
quantity of Woolly or flacky down , in which is con- 
tained (as in all other Thiftles) the Seed , which is 
Ii/ackijb, long and round , with a few Hairs on the 
Head thereof. , 
IV. Gerard deferibes it after this manner. The 
Root is white and parted into Strings. The Stalks 
are rough , round and pliable , which being parted 
into Branches , do lye flat on the Ground. The 
Leaves are jagged round their edges , and full of 
hat mlefs Prickles. The Heads on the tops of the 
Stalks , are alfo Jet with Trickles , and environed 
with J harp and pricking Leaves, out of which comes 
forth a yellow flower-, the Seed is long, and Jet with 
white Hairs like a Beard , The whole Herb, Leaves 
and Stalks, as alfo the Heads, are covered with a 
foft and thin Loan. 
V. The Places. It grows with us only in Gar- 
dens, where it Flourillies admirably well ; but in 
the Ifland Lemnos , in the Mediterranean, where 
it grows naturally, it grows wild in Champion 
Grounds and Fields, as Petrus Bellonius fays. 
VI. The Times. It Flowers in July and Augufl, 
in which times it is to be gathered tor Medicinal 
Ul'es ; and then it will keep good a whole Year or 
longer. 
VII. The Vitalities. It is hot and dry in the fe- 
cond Degree, Abfterfive, Aperitive, Diuretick, 
Anodyn and Alexipharmick. 
VIII. The Specification. It is good againft Agues, 
Malign and Peltilential Fevers, recent Surleits, 
Pleurifies, Stone, Gravel, Vertigo’s, and the Bi- 
tings of Mad Dogs, and other Venomous Crea- 
tures. 
IX. The Preparations. You may have there- 
from, I. A Liquid Juice. 2. A Decoction, 3 . A 
Louder of the Leaves. 4. An Extrail. 5. ACa- 
Japlafm. 6. The Down within the Heads. 7. A 
Diftilled Water. 8. Roger Dixon’r Antipejii/ert- 
tial Suiorifick. The Herb is chiefly ufed. 
'the Virtues. 
X. The Liquid Juice. Put into the Eyes it 
clears the Sight, taking away Blood-lhoc and red- 
nets ; dropt into the Ear it eafesthe pain thereof: 
It kills Worms in the Belly, and given from an 
Ounce to two Ounces, in any proper Vehicle, it is 
good againft Quartan Agues and the Plague 7 as 
alfo recent Surleits, and admirably deanfes a foul 
Stomach. 
XI. The DecoUion in Wine, Water, or Toffet- 
Drink. It is good againft Agues of long continu- 
ance, and Peltilential F evers, which if timely given, 
it has the greater Effetts ; and is alfo profitable 
againft Pleurifies, and Stitches in the Side. It is 
good againft a Vertigo, and Deafnefs, and ftrength- 
ens the Memory. It provokes the Terms in Wo- 
men, is good againft the Strangury, as alfo Sand 
and Gravel in the Urinary parts. 
XII. The Louder of the Leaves. It Hops Bleed- 
ing at Nofe, and is given from half a Dram to a 
Dram, againft all the aforenamed Difeafes. Ir is 
Sudorifick, and cures all forts of Agues, being gi- 
ven fome tew Hours before the coming of the Fit, 
for feveral times together. 
XIII. The Extra li. It has all the foimer Vir- 
tues, and being given from half a Dram to a Dram 
or more, it particularly is faid to cure the Quar- 
tan Ague ; kill Worms in the Bowels, and is a 
Specifick againft the Lues, or french Pox. 
XIV. 1 he Cataplafm. Made of the Green Herb 
and applyed, it is good againft hot Tumors, Ery- 
fipelas, Botches, Boils, Plague Sores, the bitings 
of Mad Dogs, Serpents, Spiders, Stinging of Ve-' 
nomous Creatures, ifle But madeup with Hogs 
Lard and Wheat Meal, andapplyed, itcuicsScub- 
born or rebellious Ulcers. The Catapiafm made 
of the Juice with Orobus Meal, is profitable alfo 
againft Gangrenes. 
XV. The Down within the Heads. Applyed to 
fimple Green Wounds it flops the Blood, and pre- 
fently heals them; Applyed to Ulcers after Clean- 
fing and Incarnating, it caufes a fpeedy Cure. 
XVI. T he, D filled Water. Ir is faid to have 
all the Virtues of the DecoQion. but is nothing 
near fo effeftual, tho’ much more pleafant to be ta- 
ken. It is efteemed a peculiar thing for the Eyes, 
and help their Sorenefs, and a Dimr.elsof Sight. 
XVII. Roger Dixon’r Antiteftilcntial Sudori- 
fick. Take Leaves of Carduus Benediftus and Sca- 
bious ; Roots of Butterbur , of each 4 Ounces -, PoJ- 
fet Drink 3 Quarts ; make a VecoHiott and fir am 
out. If you have not Poflet- Drink, you may 
make it with thin Water-Gruel. With this Drink, 
he told me, he Cured many Hundreds of the 
Plague (when the lalt Great Plague was in London, 
Anno 766;.) who, by drinking largelyof it, were 
Cured (many of them) in the (pace of twenty four 
Hours, when nothing but Death was expefled : 
and thereby he alfo ltayed Peltilential Vomitings 
and Loofenelfes. It produces a potent Sweating an 
Hour or two : In the Sweating, he gave the Sick 
Mutton or Chicken Broth, or fome proper Alexi- 
pharmick Poffet-Drink, wiping the Sweat from the 
Face and Neck with warm Cloths, but forbearing 
to Shift the Patient ; and thisCourfe he took every 
Day, till the Malignity of the Difeafe was wholly 
rooted our. 
CHAP. DCLXXXIX. 
Of T H I S T L E Cotton : 
0 R, 
Woolly 'Tbijile. 
I. 'T'JfE Names. It is called in Greek, ’krfSur, 
A (being fuppofed to be the Acanthium of 
Diofcoridcsj in Latine, Acanthium, Carduus Aomen- 
tofus, and in Englilh, the Cotton or Woolly Tbili/e. 
II. The Kinds. Among the many forts Authors 
have given us of this Thiftle, there are but four 
which are frequent with us, viz. 1. Acanthium 
Vulgar e, as Camerarius , Dodoneus , Dur antes , 
Label, Lugdunenfis, Matthio/us, and Tabernemon- 
tanus do all agree : Out Common Cotton, or 
Woolly Thiftle. 2. Acanthium Anglicum, Car- 
duus Tomentcfus Anglicus , Spina Arabica Diofco- 
ridis , Plinij, Matthioli , (S Qtfalpini Bauhtno-, 
Carduus Tomentofus Capitulo majore Bauhini ; 
Our Englilh Cotton, or Woolly Thiftle. 3. Car- 
duus Tomentofus minor, Carduus Spharocephalus 
quintus Dodonxi ; Carduus Tomentofus Capitulo 
minore Bauhini, The Leffer Cotton, or Woolly 
Thiftle. 4. Carduus Tementofut, Corona Frarrum 
diT/us, 
