Chap. 690. Englijh Herbs. 
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long and large Leaves lying cn the Ground , jagged 
or cut in on both ftdcs , a/ld fet with white Jkarp 
Prjcklcs from among which , rifes up a large Head 
without any Stalk , encompajfed with feveral long , 
thirty end narrow Leaves , cut in on the edges , and 
as prickly as the under mo ft, and both of a whitijh 
green Color : Thefe Leaves about the Head,# hough 
whitijh above , jrr are a Z/V/Ze Purp/ijh underneath , 
ft and about the Head like a Crown or Border , 
being thin , /twg, hard. , and fhining, encompafs the 
Flower or T hr urn in the middle , being yellow and 
% flat , dx the whole head it fclf is •, which being paft 
away , there follows the Seed of a whit iff) or Silver 
Color. 'This Head before it Seeds , opens in the 
Day time , and clofes again at Night. From the 
Root of this (in fome places ) as alfo from its Head , 
proceed a Vifcous or Glewijh Gum , which being 
dryed or hardned , wry much rcfembles Maltich. 
IV. The fecond, or Greater Carline Thiltle, or 
Carline with a Stalk. 7/x » blackifh on the 
outfide, but whit ijh within , and as it were bitten off, 
and being cut or broken , yields fuch a like 
white Vifcous Milk or Juice , which being hardned , 
becomes a Gum like the former , without Smell, but 
Thiflle Carline 
d /;>//(? /r<?;« which Reafon , the Plant 
is judg'd to be of the fame Nature , Property , 
Vitalities and kind with the former. This does not 
Flower as the former , without a Stalk to ftand on , 
but there fprings up a reddifh Stalk of about a Foot 
or more high , <7/7 which grows narrower , greener , 
and ;//<?r£ Prickly Leaves than on the fir ft, or Low 
Kind ; //;£• LZW or Heads of Flowers are at the top 
or tops of the Stalk and Branches , ftanding on 
its own Footftalk, compofed of a Border , but of J mai- 
ler Leaves , which are hard, thin, f moot h and whi- 
tifh like the former : The Thrum in the middle is 
yellowijh , before the Flowers therein begin to open, 
but then are of a reddifl) Purple Color , which parti- 
cular, unlefs one heed it well, the fame Plant may 
be taken to be two feveral Kinds. 
V. The third, or Our Low WildCarline Thiltle. 
Its Root is great, thick and blackifh on the out flic, 
and whit ift) within, enduring many Tears. This 
Low Thiltle does yearly fend forth feveral very 
long and narrow Leaves, very much cut in on the 
edges, into many parts. Jet with J. mall Prickles, 
Thiftle Carline, Low Wild, 
and of a dufty Green Color, not lying flat upon the 
Ground, but a little raifed up from it-, from among 
which at the latter end of Summer, comes forth a 
fhort Stalk, fcarcely two Inches long, bearing there- 
on a large round Jcaly and prickly head , with many 
bright purplifh Threads rifing out of its middle , 
which keep their Color a long time • after which, 
(they being paft) comes the Seed which is numerous, 
fmall, whitijh , or of a Silver color, envolved among ft 
the Down in the Head. 
VI. Johnfon in Gerard deferibes it after this 
manner. This Purple Carline Thiltle, has a pretty 
large Root , divided many times at the top, into fe- 
veral Branches, from which rife many green Leaves, 
lying fpread upon the Ground, deeply cut in on the 
edges, and fet with Jharp Prickles. In the midft 
of thefe Leaves come up fome times but one, and 
fometimes more fcaly Heads, which carry a pretty 
large Flower, compofed of many Purple Threads, 
like thofe of Knapweed, but larger, and of a 
brighter Color. Thefe Heads grow ufually clofe to 
the Leaves, yet fometimes they ftand upon Stalks ; 
or 4 Inches high. When the Flower is paft , comes 
the Seed which is fmall and grayifh , envolved in the 
Down, all which are carried away with tbe Wind. 
VII. The fourth, or the Greater Wild Carline 
Thiltle •, or Wild Carline with a Stalk. Its Root 
is long and flcnder, with a twinging or Jharp and. 
biting Tafte. It rifes up with a Stalk or Stalks, a 
Foot and half , or two Feet high, which are round 
and prickly, divided towards their tops into feveral 
Branches. From the bottom at the Rooty come forth 
7 G many 
