Herbal . Lib. I. 
1 1 46 Salmon t 
MM/ry Leaves, parity lying on the Ground , and. 
yw//y (landing upright , which are long , not very 
broad unevenly dented about the edges , W full of 
Prickles , /ra/ awdb #/?//£* to the third or former 
Carline, but lejjer with many fuch like Leaves , 
but fmaller , growing about the Stalks up even to 
their tops , to the tops of the Branches of each 
flower. At the top* of the Stalks and Branches , 
grow? the flowers in a Prickly head , being Jet with 
bordering Leaves like a Pole round about it, of a 
yel/owifh color, encloftng a reddifh Thrum, or great 
number of Threads of a reddifh color. 
V 111 The Places. The firft and fecond grows 
Upon the Mountains in Germany and on the ai//v s 
but the fecond is fometiroes found growing by it 
felf in other places, but with us only in Gardens. 
Parkinfon fays, that he had obferved, that the 
Seed of the Low kind, Sown in our Gardens, has 
fometimes grown up high, or with a Stalk, not 
retaining its former Dwarf State. The third is ve- 
ry frequent in our Country, especially in Kent al- 
tnoft every where, and is alfo to be found in France 
and Germany. It grows upon Black-Heath, and 
on the Chalky Hills about Dart ford, and in many 
other fuch like places. The fourth grows alfo 
with us in Untill’d and Defart places, and often- 
times upon Hills, and is alfo found growing upon 
Black-heath, and on many other places in Kent. 
IX. The Times. They all Flower late in. the 
Year with us, but in the middle of Summer in 
their Native places. The third Flowers in July 
and Auguft, and the fourth in June and July, the 
Seed ripening not long time after. 
X. The Qualities. The Root is chiefly ufed, 
and that of the firft or Low Dwarf Carline. It is 
hot and dry in the end of the fecond Degree, but 
Gerard fays, it is dry in the third Degree. It is 
Aperitive, Anodyn, Diuretick, Cardiack,^Nephri- 
tick, Hylt ck, Emmenagogick, Sudorifick, and 
Alexipharmick. 
XL The Specification. It preferves from, and 
cures the Plague or Peftilence-, kills Worms in the 
Belly ai.d Stomach, eafes the Strangury, provokes 
Urine, and the Menfes : refills and expells all 
manner of Poifons •, eafes pains of the Teeth-, 
cures Dropfics, Cramps and Convulfions ; eafes 
pains in the Sides, Stirches, Pleurifie, Pjc.^ 
XII. The Preparations. There are ufed in Phy- 
fick, 1. The Crude or Raw Root. 2. The Liquid 
Juice. 3. The DecoSion in Wine. 
T he Virtues. 
XIII. The Crude or Raw Root. Being chewed 
long in the Mouth, it attrafls much cold Rheum, 
and fo gives eafe in the Tooth-ach, and pains in 
the parts adjacent. 
XIV. The Liquid Juice. It is given from one 
Spoonful to two or more. Morning and Night, 
againft the Plague, and all Peftilential Difeafes, 
Mealies, Small Pox, Spotted Fever, Poifon, the 
Bitings of Mad Dogs and Serpents. It cures 
Cramps, Convulfions, Pleurifies, Strangury, Drop- 
fv ^ eafes pains and Stitches in the Sides, arid kills 
Worms in the Bowels. It may be given in Wine or 
fome other convenient Vehicle : It potently pro-, 
vokes Sweat, as alfo the Terms in Women. r 
XV. The De coition in Wine. It has all the for- j 
mer Virtues, but as it is weaker, fo it muft be given ; 
from a quarter to half a Pint or more, Morning and - 
Night, and fo to be continued for fome confide- j 
fable time. 
CHAP. DCXCI. 
Of THISTLE Melancholy . 
• 
I. HE Karnes. It is called in Greek, K ignei 
J_ (a i- e. Varices quos fanet, utrejert 
Diofcorides : ) in Latine, Ci'rjium, Carduus Mollis, 
and Spina Mollis • and in Englifh, The Soft Thijtle, 
and Melancholy Tbiflle. 
II. The Kinds. Authors make a great many 
forts of this, but thofe only growing with, and 
moft known to us, fhall be he here Defcribed, which 
are the three following, viz. 1. Cirfium Anglic um 
primum-, Cirfium P annomeum primum pratenje 
Clufij • Our f iift Englifh Melancholy, or Soft 
Thiftle. 2. Cirfium Anglicum alterum, Cirfium 
aliud Anglicum -, Cirfium P annonicum alterum 
Clufij j Cirfium Beitannicum fecund urn. Our other 
Englifh Soft, or Melancholy Thiftle. 3. Cirfium 
majus latifolium -, Cirfium primum Lugdurtenfis 5 
Cirfium lertium D odonai Cirfium LatiJJhnunt 
Bauhini : The Great Broad Leav’d, Soft or Melan- 
choly Thiftle. 
T he Defer iptions . 
III. The firft, or our firft Englifti Soft, or Me- 
lancholy Thiftle. Its Root hiu many long Strings 
coming from its Head or upper part, which is black - 
ifh, and perifhes not every Tear, from which Root 
fprings up a tender fingle hoary green Stalk , having 
Thiftle Melancholy Englifti, Firji. 
thereof! four or five green hoary Leaves , dented 
about the edges ; the points whereof are little or 
nothing prickly ; end at the top ufually but one 
head. 
