Chap. 717. Unglifh Herbs. 
The Defer iptions. 
III. The firft, or greater W ild Turnep. Its Root 
is long and J lender , with feme few Fibres adjoin- 
ing to it. Its Leaves and Stalk are very like to 
tbofe of the Garden long Turnep ^ but they grow 
thicker and more plentifully from the Root , and 
more crumpled and gafht in on the fides , and more 
rough in handling ■, and in the Flowers, Pods and 
Seed , it is much alike , and in the whole in its ap- 
pearance, differs not much from it : The Seed is 
called Rape- Seed and Cole-Seed. 
IV. The fecond, orleffer wild Rape, or Turnep. 
Its Root is alfo long , and much lejfer or flenderer 
than the former , with fame few Fibres ijfuing from 
it. Its Leaves are f mailer at bottom , and not jag- 
ged . , but a little waved. It is not fo plenteous in 
Leaves ns the former , but growing fewer , they 
are more fparfed upon the Stalks and Branches, 
grow upon not very long Footfalls , and the higher 
they grow , are more deeply waved on the edges , and 
fame times as it were a little jagged. The Flowers 
are yellow , after which come pretty long , but /mail , 
and Jharp pointed Pods , in which are contained 
final l flat Seed, of a whitifh yellow color. 
V. The Places. The firft is found wild in many 
Countries, but for the profit which is made of rhe 
Seed, we' here in England, as alfo in V landers , 
and other the Low Countries, Manure it, and Sow 
it in Fields, and fill therewith vaft Trafls of Land. 
The fecond grows wild alfo in our Country. Park- 
infen fays, he fonnd it going from Shoreditch by 
Bcdnal-Green, to hackney. 
VI. The Times. They Flower in May and June, 
and the Seed is ripe* in July or Auguft, at what 
time they reap their Fields Sown with it, as they 
reap Wheat and other Corn. 
VII. The Qualities. The Seed, which is that 
which is only ufed, is hot and dry in the beginning 
of the fecond Degree 5 but the Seed of the leffer 
fort is bitter, and almoft as hot as Mufard-Seed, 
and of which fome make Muftard, or mix it with 
Mufard-Seed, and then ufe it for that purpofe. 
It is Abfterfive, Digeftive, Diuretick, and ftrongly 
provokes Urine. 
VIII. The Specification. It helps the Difcrafy 
of the Stomach, ( I mean the Seed of the leffer 
kind) provokes Urine, opens Obftru&ions of the 
Reins and Bladder, and gives eafe in the Strangury. 
IX. The Preparations. Of the Rape-Seed, or 
Cole-Seed, is made, An Oil by Exprejfion in a Mill. 
Of the leffer kind. An Infufion in Wine. And, 
a kind of Muflard or Sawce for Meat. 
The Virtues. 
X. The Expreffed Oil of the Rape-Seed or Cole- 
Seed. It is ufed in Lamps, and therefore called 
Lamp-Oil, for which purpofe, it is much better 
than Train-Oil, which is made out of Whales, be- 
caufe it ftinks not like that. It alfo ferves to make 
Soap withal, inftead of Oil Olive : And in divers 
places in Germany, Flanders, and the Low-Coun- 
tries, they ufe it to Fry their Fifh in, Cfc. It is 
fcarcely at all ufed in Phylick, yet. given in Quan- 
tities, it opens Obftruftions of the Lungs, and 
makes the Belly foluble, giving eafe in the extream 
pains of the Cholick. 
XI. The Infufion of the Seed bruifed, of the lef- 
fer kind, in White Port Wine. It powerfully pro- 
I2Q 5 
yokes Urine, opens Obftrufrions of the Urinary 
Veffels, and expels Sand, Gravel, and Tartarous 
matter lodged in the Reins, Ureters and Bladder, 
and for that reafon gives eafe in the Strangury : 
l ou may infufe 4 Ounces in a Quart of Port Wine, 
and after 3 or 4 days Digeftion, drink twice or 
thrice a day, a quarter of a Pint of the clear Wine : 
If it be fweetned with Syrup of Mar Jh- Mallows, 
twill be fo much the more effe&ual. 
XII. The Muflard or Sawce made of the Seed. It is 
made as you make Muflard of Mujlard-Seed. It 
lhengthens and warms rhe Stomach, caufes a good 
Appetite and Digeftion, and pretty ftrongly pro- 
vokes Urine : But it is not altogether fo pleafant as 
the Muflard made of Alufiard-Seed, becaufe of its 
bitternefs, which it loofes not in a long time. 
TUN-HOOF, fee Alehoof, Chap. 6 . 
TURBITH, fee it in Lib. II. Chap- 
TURMERICK, fee it in Lib. II. Cl?ap. 
CHAP. DCCXVII. 
Of TURNSOLE. 
I- HP id E Names. It is called in Greek, 'Hau- 
JL T£?W ( quoniam Flores cum foie circumagun - 
tur -, or as Theophraflus will have it, becaufe it 
Flowers in the Summer Solftice* ) as alfo 
Scorpiuron , ( quia fpica Florum Scorpionis caud<e eft 
Effigie : ) in Lacine, hcliotropium, Scorpioides al- 
bum Gefneri , Solifequium , Verrucaria ( a tollen- 
dis verrucis) and Herba Cancri : in Englifh , 
Turnfole. 
II. The Kinds. There are feveral forts of this 
Plant, as 1. Hehotropium, hcliotropium majus , 
Scorpioides album Gefneri, herba Cancri major 
Loniceri, but moft properly Verrucaria, Our com- 
mon greater Turnfole, or Wart- Wort. 2. helio - 
tr opium majus fupinum Clufij, Dodonai & Gefneri 
hehotropium humi fparfum Clufij Lugdunenfi •, 
hehotropium minus fupinum Bauhini , The greater 
creeping Turnfole. 3. hcliotropium minus re pens 
Lobelij -, Hehotropium minus folio Ocimi Gefneri •, 
Verrucaria altera minor Lugdunenfis, fmall Turn- 
fole. 4. Hcliotropium Tricoccum Plinij, (but feme 
add. unto it minus : ) Herba Clitix Camerarij, The 
Dying Turnfole. y. hehotropium Indicum Tube- 
r of urn, Flos Solis Fame Janus, Jerufilem Hartichoak, 
ot which we have already treated, in Chap. 340. 
aforegoing. 
The Defcriptiotis. 
III. The firft, or our common greater Turnfole. 
Its Root is f. mail and thready, perifhing every Tear. 
It rifes up with one upright Stalk, about a Foot or 
more high , dividing or fpr ending it f elf out almcji 
from the bottom , into feveral f mailer branches, of a 
hoary color. At each Joint of the Stalk and Branch- 
es, grow two fmall broad Leaves ^ fomething like to 
thofe of Calamint, or Badly but greater than them 
of Calamint , and lejfer than the greater Bafil ; 
fomething white or hoary aljo. At the tops of the 
Stalks and Branches, /land many fmall white Flow- 
ers, con fifing of four, and fome times of five very 
fmall 
